Term
| The inferior surface of the nose has nares bounded by... |
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Definition
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Term
| The skeleton of the nose includes which bones, which cartilages? |
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Definition
Nasal bones
Frontal bone (nasal process and spine)
Frontal process of the maxilla
Bony parts of nasal septum
Lateral cartilages
Alar cartilages
Septal cartilage |
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Term
| Describe the nasal vestibule |
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Definition
| Nasal vestibule – internal to the nares, lined by skin and contains numerous hair follicles |
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Term
| Describe the respiratory region of the nose |
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Definition
| Respiratory region – the largest part of the nasal cavity and lined by respiratory epithelium, has very rich neurovascular supply |
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Term
| Describe the olfactory region of the nose |
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Definition
| Olfactory region – at the apex of each nasal cavity, lined by olfactory epithelium and contains peripheral olfactory receptors |
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Term
| The nasal cavity opens posteriorly through the... |
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Definition
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Term
| The superior meatus has an opening for what? |
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Definition
| posterior ethmoidal sinuses |
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Term
| The middle meatus has what openings? |
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Definition
| Infundibulum opening of frontonasal duct that drains frontal sinus and anterior ethmoidal, ethmoidal bulla (middle ethmoidal cell), opening of maxillary sinus (semilunar hiatus) |
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Term
| The inferior meatus has what opening? |
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Definition
| opening of nasolacrimal duct (anteriorly) |
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Term
| What passes in the shenopalatine foramen? |
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Definition
| branches of maxillary artery and CN V2 |
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Term
| What passes in the incisive canal? |
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Definition
| nasopalatine nerve; greater palatine artery |
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Term
| Briefly map the main 3 source of blood supply to the nasal cavity |
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Definition
External carotid artery-> Maxillary artery-> sphenopalatine and greater palatine arteries
Internal carotid artery-> Ophthalmic artery-> Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
Facial artery -> septal branch of superior labial artery |
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Term
| What is the arterial plexus on the nasal septum? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which arterial branch supplies anterior region of medial wall and floor of nasal cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two branches of the facial artery supply the anterior nasal cavity and external nose? |
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Definition
| Septal branch from nasal artery from superior labial, alar branch of lateral nasal artery |
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Term
| Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries enter the nasal cavity through what openings? What do they supply? |
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Definition
| Cribiform plate. They both do medial and lateral walls, anterior ethmoidal also supplies external nose. |
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Term
| A rich venous plexus is found where in the nose? |
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Definition
| submucosa of inferior and middle conchae and nasal septum |
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Term
| Where do tributaries of the nasal venous plexus drain? |
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Definition
- posteriorly to pterygoid plexus
- anteriorly to superior labial to
facial vein
- superiorly to ophthalmic veins to
cavernous sinus |
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Term
| Sympathetics in the nasal cavity come from... |
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Definition
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Term
| Which branches of CN V innervate the nasal cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| Axons from receptors in the olfactory epithelium synapse with neurons in the... |
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Definition
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Term
| Trace the path of the anterior ethmoidal nerve. |
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Definition
From nasociliary nerve, leaves orbit through the canal between ethmoid and frontal bones; supplies ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus, enters the cranial cavity
- enters the nasal cavity through the foramen lateral to crista galli, has branches to the medial and lateral wall, terminates as external nasal nerve |
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Term
| Trace the path of the posterior ethmoidal nerve |
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Definition
| From nasociliary, leaves orbit through the medial wall and supplies ethmoidal cells and sphenoidal sinus |
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Term
| Where do posterior superior lateral and medial nasal nerves come from? What do they innervate? |
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Definition
| from V2, supply lateral wall, roof and nasal septum |
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Term
| Where does the nasopalatine nerve come from? What does it innervate? |
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Definition
| V2, supplies medial wall and passes through incisive canal into oral cavity |
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Term
| Which nerves branch from the greater palatine nerve (from the pterygopalatine fossa via the palatine canal), and innervate the lateral wall? |
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Definition
| Posterior inferior lateral nasal nerves |
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Term
| What does the small nasal nerve come from? What does it supply? |
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Definition
| from infra-orbital nerve, passes through maxilla and supplies lateral wall |
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Term
| Lymphatics of anterior nasal cavity go to... |
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Definition
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Term
| Lymphatics of the posterior nasal cavity and sinuses drain to... |
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Definition
| plexus anterior to jugulodigastric node, part of upper deep cervical nodes |
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Term
| Which paranasal sinuses are usually absent at birth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lines the nasal sinuses? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many ethmoid air cells are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are ethmoid cells innervated by? |
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Definition
| Ethmoidal branches of nasociliary nerve (V1) |
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Term
| Thin bone separates the sphenoidal sinuses from what? What are they innervated by? |
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Definition
| optic nerves and chiasm, pituitary gland, internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus. Posterior ethmoidal nerves from nasociliary (V1) |
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Term
| The apex of the maxillary sinus is toward which bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What forms the base of the maxillary sinus? |
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Definition
| Lateral wall of nasal cavity |
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Term
| What forms the roof and floor of the maxillary sinus? |
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Definition
| Orbit and alveolar part of maxilla |
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Term
| What is the blood supply and innervation of the maxillary sinus? |
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Definition
| Superior alveolar artery from maxillary artery, superior alveolar nerves from V2 |
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