Term
| Visceral preganglionic efferents of the facial nerve originate in what part of the brain? |
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Definition
| Superior salivatory nucleus |
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Term
| The nervus intermedius contains which types of axons? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which types of neuron cell bodies are found in the geniculate ganglion? |
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Definition
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Term
| GENERAL sensory nerves of the facial nerve come from which area? |
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Definition
| Skin of the external ear (with a branch of the vagus) |
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Term
| What are the main motor branches of the facial nerve? |
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Definition
| Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Marginal mandibular, Cervical |
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Term
| The facial nerve travels through which structure and out of which foramen, to innervate the facial muscles? |
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Definition
| The parotid gland, the stylomastoid foramen |
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Term
| The attenuation reflex happens low long after exposure to a loud sound? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which muscles contract during the attenuation reflex? |
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Definition
| Stapedius and tensor tympani |
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Term
| Upon which bones do the tensor tympani and stapedius act? |
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Definition
| The malleus and the stapes |
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Term
| What does the attenuation reflex do for you? |
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Definition
| Protects from loud or low frequency sounds and decreases sensitivity to one's own voice |
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Term
| What is the most common facial nerve disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the onset of Bell's Palsy like? |
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Definition
| Spontaneous, over hours or days |
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Term
| What is the cause of Bell's Palsy? |
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Definition
| Unknown, may be viral or inflammatory |
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Term
| What is the recovery like for Bell's Palsy? |
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Definition
| gradual, 80% recover in 3 weeks |
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Term
| What are the main branches of CN VIII and what are they responsible for? |
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Definition
| Vestibular nerve - sensory: balance, head position and movement, cochlear nerve - special sensory: hearing |
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Term
| Where does the vestibulocochlear nerve arise? |
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Definition
| At the level of the pontomedullary angle |
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Term
| What large vein passes very close to the middle ear? |
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Definition
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Term
| What may cause tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness, and hearing loss with or without facial paralysis? |
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Definition
| An acoustic neuroma (aka acoustic Schwannoma) |
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Term
| What is the location of an acoustic neuroma? |
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Definition
| The cerebellopontine angle |
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Term
| Characterize the acoustic neuroma in terms of malignancy. |
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Definition
| Benign, but space occupying |
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Term
| The tympanic nerve is a branch of which CN, and its axons arise in which part of the brain? What type of axons does it carry? |
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Definition
| Glossopharyngeal, the inferior salivatory nucleus, contains preganglionic parasympathics |
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Term
| Describe the path of the tympanic nerve |
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Definition
| To the tympanic plexus, leave via the lesser petrosal nerve to the otic ganglion, to the parotid via the auriculotemporal branch of V3 |
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Term
| What is the special sensory innervation to to the glossopharyngeal nerve? |
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Definition
| Taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue |
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Term
| What is the general sensory innervation to the glossopharyngeal nerve? |
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Definition
| Posterior 1/3 of the tongue, pharyngeal mucosa, carotid body and middle ear |
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Term
| What is the muscular motor innervation from the glossopharyngeal nerve? |
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Definition
| The stylopharyngeus muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| Posterior to the inferior olive |
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Term
| The glossopharyngeal nerve is the afferent limb of what reflex? What makes up the efferent limb? |
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Definition
| The gag reflex, the vagus nerve |
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Term
| Does the vagus nerve have SPECIAL sensory innervation? |
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Definition
| Yes, from the epiglottis and palate |
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Term
| Where do the general sensory components of the vagus nerve come from? |
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Definition
| Tongue, pharynx, larynx, trachea, heart, foregut, midgut, external auditory meatus, dura of posterior fossa |
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Term
| What are the efferent components of the vagus nerve? |
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Definition
| constrictor muscles of pharynx, intrinsic muscles of larynx, muscles of palate except tensor veli palatini, to the gut |
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Term
| Where does the vagus nerve arise? |
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Definition
| Posterior to the inferior olive |
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Term
| Deviation of the uvula is caused by injury to which CN? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the uvula deviates to the normal side, which muscle does not contract on the affected side? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the curtain sign? |
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Definition
| CN X lesion --> uvula deviates to the normal side, palatoglossus does not contract |
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Term
| What does the cranial root of CN XI do? |
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Definition
| Joins the vagus nerve to deliver motor fibers to the soft palate, larynx (except cricothyroid) and pharynx |
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Term
| What does the spinal root of the accessory nerve do? |
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Definition
| Motor to the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid |
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Term
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Definition
| Motor to the muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus, NO sensory |
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Term
| Where does the hypoglossal nerve arise? |
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Definition
| Anterior to the inferior olive |
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Term
| CN XII travels on top of (superficial to) which muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hypoglossal nerve injury causes which symptoms? |
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Definition
| Tongue will deviate to the affected side when pt is asked to protrude the tongue |
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