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Head and Neck - autonomics of the head
Anatomy of the head and neck
30
Health Care
Professional
10/10/2010

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Cards

Term
Superior cervical ganglion receives what type of axons, from what horn, of what spinal segment?
Definition
Sympathetic, from lateral horn, of T1
Term
Superior cervical ganglion gives off a nerve that forms a plexus. What is the nerve, where is the plexus, and what type of fibers does it have?
Definition
Internal carotid nerve, internal carotid plexus, sympathetic
Term
Horner's syndrome can be caused by damage to what neurons? What symptoms will it cause?
Definition
Anywhere along the sympathetic system, inc superior cervical ganglion, T1 white ramus communicantes, etc. It causes ptosis, miosis, face and neck flush and anhydrosis.
Term
The parasympathetics involved with CN III originate from what nucleus in the brain?
Definition
Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Term
The parasympathetics involved with CN VII originate from what nucleus in the brain?
Definition
Superior salivatory nucleus
Term
The parasympathetics involved with CN VIII originate from what nucleus in the brain?
Definition
inferior salivatory nucleus
Term
The EW nucleus is in the _______ complex in the _____encephalon. The axons from here synapse in the _________ ganglion.
Definition
occulomotor, mesencephalon, ciliary
Term
Axons from the superior salivatory nucleus travel in which nerves (specifically), and synapse in which ganglia?
Definition
Greater petrosal and chorda tympani, pterygopalatine and submandibular
Term
Trace the preganglionic fibers from the inferior salivatory nucleus, to the gangion, and the postganglion fibers to the parotid gland.
Definition
Inf salivatory nucleus -> CN IX -> tympanic nerve -> tympanic plexus -> lesser petrosal nerve -> otic ganglion (synapse)-> hitch a ride on auriculotemporal to the parotid gland.
Term
Does the vagus nerve provide parasympathetic innervation to the head and neck?
Definition
NO!
Term
The ciliary ganglion is associated with what branch of V1?
Definition
Nasociliary
Term
Which types of fibers travel through the ciliary ganglion WITHOUT synapsing?
Definition
Sensory and postganglionic sympathetics
Term
What types of fibers are contained in long ciliary nerves? Where do these long ciliary nerves come from?
Definition
Sympathetics and general sensory, the nasociliary nerve
Term
What types of fibers are contained in short ciliary nerves?
Definition
Parasympathic, sympathetic and general sensory
Term
Afferent axons from the retina that are involved in pupillary light reflexes terminate where? What do they bypass?
Definition
In the pretectal area and the superior colliculus. They bypass the LGN.
Term
The pupillary light reflex is testing what? What is the consensual reflex?
Definition
Testing parasympathetic innervation of the pupil. Consensual reflex is when the OTHER pupil also constricts.
Term
What happens to pupils during the accomodation reflex? Why?
Definition
While looking at a near object, pupils constrict bilaterally. Ciliary muscles contract to let lens thicken for near sight.
Term
Why does the consensual reflex happen?
Definition
Bilateral projections from the pretectal nucleus to the EW nuclei
Term
Why do fixed and dilated pupils occur? They indicate possible damage to what?
Definition
Unopposed action of dilator pupillae (sympathetic innervation), possible damage to EW nucleus in the brainstem
Term
What happens in presbyopia?
Definition
The lens loses flexibility and cannot thicken to focus on near objects.
Term
Nervus intermedius contains what types of fibers?
Definition
Sensory and preganglionic parasympathetics
Term
Chorda tympani contains what types of fibers?
Definition
Special sensory and parasympathetics
Term
The pterygoid canal runs through the ____________________ to the back wall of the pterygopalatine fossa.
Definition
Medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone
Term
Otic ganglion is located in which fossa?
Definition
infratemporal fossa
Term
The otic ganglion is located just deep to...
Definition
the foramen ovale
Term
Where is the ciliary ganglion in relation to the optic nerve and lateral rectus muscle?
Definition
Between the two, in the back of the orbit
Term
Where do sympathetics to the parotid gland come from?
Definition
The superior cervical ganglion -> external carotid artery
Term
The pterygopalatine ganglia is attached to V2 by what?
Definition
two pterygopalatine nerves
Term
Where is the submandibular ganglion located?
Definition
Medial to the mandible, suspended from the lingual nerve.
Term
Where does sympathetic innervation to submandibular glands come form?
Definition
external carotid plexus
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