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Hazmat
Chapter 2
37
Other
Not Applicable
08/26/2009

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Term
Dust
Definition
Solid particle that is formed or generated from solid organic or inorganic materials.
Term
Fume
Definition
Suspension of particles that form when material from a volatilized solid condenses in cool air
Term
Mist
Definition
Finely divided liquid suspended in the atmosphere.
Term
Aersol
Definition
Form of mist characterized by highly respirable, minute liquid particles
Term
Fiber
Definition
Solid particles whose length is several times greater than its diameter
Term
Vapor
Definition
Gaseous form of a substance that is normally in a solid or liquid state at room temp and pressure.
Term
Flash Point
Definition
The minimum temp at which a liquid or volatile solid gives off sufficient vapors to form an ignitable mixture with air near its surface.
Term
Fire Point
Definition
Temp at which enough vapors are given off to support continuous burning. Usually only slightly higher than the flash point.
Term
Autoignition temp/point
Definition
Min temp to which the fuel in the air must be heated to self-sustained combustion without initiation from an independent ignition source.
Term
LEL/LFL
Definition
Lowest concentration of gas that will produce a flash of fire when an ignition source is present.
Term
UEL/UFL
Definition
Highest concentraion of vapor or gas that will produce a flash of fire when an ignition source is present
Term
Vapor Pressure
Definition
Pressure exerted or produced by the vapors released by a liquid
Term
Vapor Density
Definition
Weight of a given volume of pure vapor or gas. > 1 is heavier than air, < 1 lighter than air. Majority of gases are > 1.
Term
Solubility
Definition
Expresses the percentage of a material that will dissolve in water at ambient temp.
Term
Miscibility
Definition
Degree or readiness to which two or more gases or liquids are able to mix with or dissolve into each other.
Term
Specific Gravity
Definition
Ratio of the density of a material to the density of some standard material at standard conditions of pressure and temp. > 1 will sink in water, < 1 will float
Term
Reactivity
Definition
Its relative ability to undergo a chemical reaction with another material
Term
Fire tetrahedron
Definition
Oxygen, fuel, heat, and a chemical chain reaction
Term
Reactivity Triangle
Definition
Explains the basic components of many chemical reactions: an oxidizing agent(oxygen), a reducing agent(fuel), and an activation energy source(often heat).
Term
Polymerization
Definition
Chemical reaction in which a catalyst causes simple molecules to combine to from long chain molecules. Results in a large release of energy if left uncontrolled.
Term
Inhibitors
Definition
Added to products that easily polymerize in order to control or prevent an undesired reaction.
Term
TRACEMP
Definition
Thermal, Raiological, Asphyxiation, Chemical, Etiological, Mechanical, Psychological
Term
Ionization
Definition
Process of removing electrons from atoms and is also the method by which radiation causes damage to the human body.
Term
Alpha particles
Definition
Positively charged, energetic, stopped by paper
Term
Beta particles
Definition
Positive or negatively charged electrons, more hazardous when inhaled. Stopped by aluminum.
Term
Gamma Rays
Definition
High-energy photons, neither a charge or a mass, very penetrating, stopped by lead.
Term
Neutrons
Definition
Ultrahigh energy particles that have a physical mass but no electrical charge. Highly penetrating
Term
Radiation exposure pathways
Definition
Inhalation, Ingestion, Penetration/Skin contact
Term
Protection from radiation
Definition
Time, Distance, Shielding
Term
Simple asphyxiants
Definition
Gases that displace the oxygen necessary for breathing.
Term
Chemical asphyxiants
Definition
Substances that prohibit the body from using oxygen. Even though oxygen is available, these substances starve the cells of the body of oxygen.
Term
Nephrotoxic Agents
Definition
Affect the kidneys
Term
Hematoxic Agents
Definition
Affect the blood
Term
Neurotoxic agents
Definition
Affect the nervous system
Term
Hepatoxic agents
Definition
Affect the liver.
Term
Lethal Dose
Definition
Amount of poison ingested
Term
Lethal concentration
Definition
Amount of poision inhaled
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