Term
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Definition
| the assets, capabilities, processes, employee time, information, and knowledge that an organization uses to improve its effectiveness and efficiency and create and sustain competitive advantage |
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Definition
| providing greater value for customers than competitors can |
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Term
| Sustainable competitive advantage |
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Definition
| a competitive advantage that other companies have tried unsuccessfully to duplicate and have, for the moment, stopped trying to duplicate |
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Definition
| a resource that allows companies to improve efficiency and effectiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| a resource that is not controlled or possessed by many competing firms |
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Term
| Imperfectly imitable resource |
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Definition
| a resource that is impossible or extremely costly or difficult for other firms to duplicate |
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Term
| Nonsubstitutable resource |
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Definition
| a resource that produces value or competitive advantage and has no equivalent substitutes or replacements |
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Term
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Definition
| a reluctance to change strategies or competitive practices that have been successful in the past |
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Definition
| a discrepancy between a company's intended strategy and the strategic actions managers take when implementing that strategy |
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Term
| Situational (SWOT) analysis |
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Definition
| an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses in an organization's internal environment and the opportunities and threats in its external environment |
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Term
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Definition
| what a company can make, do, or perform better than its competitors |
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Term
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Definition
| the internal decision making routines, problem-solving processes, and organizational cultures that determine how efficiently inputs can be turned into outputs |
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Term
| Shadow-strategy task force |
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Definition
| a committee within a company that analyzes the company's own weaknesses to determine how competitors could exploit them for competitive advantage |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of companies within an industry against which top managers compare, evaluate, and benchmark strategic threats and opportunities |
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Term
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Definition
| the firms in a strategic group that follow strategies related to but somewhat different from those of the core firms |
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Term
| Strategic reference points |
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Definition
| the strategic targets managers use to measure whether a firm has developed the core competencies it needs to achieve a sustainable competitive strategy |
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Definition
| the overall organizational strategy that addresses the question "What business or businesses are we in or should we be in?" |
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Term
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Definition
| a strategy for reducing risk by buying a variety of items (stocks or, in the case of a corporation, types of businesses) so that the failure of one stock or one business does not doom the entire portfolio |
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Definition
| a corporate-level strategy that minimizes risk by diversifying investment among various business product lines |
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Definition
| the purchase of a company by another company |
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Term
| Unrelated diversification |
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Definition
| creating or acquiring companies in completely unrelated businesses |
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Term
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Definition
| a portfolio strategy developed by the Boston Consulting Group that categorizes a corporation's businesses by growth rate and relative market share and helps managers decide how to invest corporate funds |
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Term
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Definition
| a company with a large share of fast-growing market |
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Term
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Definition
| a company with a small share of fast-growing market |
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Term
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Definition
| a company with a large share of a slow-growing market |
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Term
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Definition
| a company with a small share of a slow-growing market |
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Term
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Definition
| creating or acquiring companies that share similar products, manufacturing, marketing, technology, or cultures |
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Term
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Definition
| a broad corporate-level strategic plan used to achieve strategic goals and guide the strategic alternatives that managers of individual businesses or subunits may use |
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Term
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Definition
| a strategy that focuses on increasing profits, revenues, market share, or the number of places in which the company does business |
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Term
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Definition
| a strategy that focuses on improving the way in which the company sells the same products or services to the same customers |
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Term
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Definition
| a strategy that focuses on turning around very poor company performance by shrinking the size or scope of the business |
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Term
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Definition
| the strategic actions taken after retrenchment to return to a growth strategy |
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Definition
| a corporate strategy that addresses the question "How should we compete in this industry?" |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the intensity of competitive behavior between companies in an industry |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the degree to which barriers to entry make it easy or difficult for new companies to get started in an industry |
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| Threat of substitute products or services |
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Definition
| a measure of the ease with which customers can find substitutes for an industry's products or services |
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Term
| Bargaining power of suppliers |
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Definition
| a measure of the influence that suppliers of parts, materials, and services to firms in an industry have on the prices of these inputs |
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Term
| Bargaining power of buyers |
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Definition
| a measure of the influence that customers have on the firm's prices |
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Term
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Definition
| the positioning strategy of producing a product or service of acceptable quality at consistently lower production costs than competitors can, so that the firm can offer the product or service at the lowest price in the industry |
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Definition
| the positioning strategy of providing a product or service that is sufficiently different from competitors' offerings that customers are willing to pay a premium price for it |
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Definition
| the positioning strategy of using cost leadership or differentiation to produce a specialized product or service for a limited, specially targeted group of customers in a particular geographic region or market segment |
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Term
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Definition
| companies using an adaptive strategy aimed at defending strategic positions by seeking moderate, steady growth and by offering a limited range of high-quality products and services to a well-defined set of customers |
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Term
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Definition
| companies using an adaptive strategy that seeks fast growth by searching for new market opportunities, encouraging risk taking, and being the first to bring innovative new products to market |
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Term
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Definition
| companies using an adaptive strategy that seeks to minimize risk and maximize profits by following or imitating proven successes of prospectors |
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Definition
| companies that do not follow a consistent adaptive strategy but instead react to changes in the external environment after they occur |
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Term
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Definition
| a corporate strategy that addresses the question "How should we compete against a particular firm?" |
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Term
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Definition
| the rivalry between two companies that offer similar products and services, acknowledge each other as rivals, and act and react to each other's strategic actions |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which two companies have overlapping products, services, or customers in multiple markets |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which a competitor has similar amounts and kinds of resources |
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Definition
| a competitive move designed to reduce a rival's market share or profits |
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Term
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Definition
| a competitive countermove, prompted by a rival's attack, to defend or improve a company's market share or profit |
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