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Harmon's Chapter 1: What is Economics?
Vocabulary Terms for Chapter 1
19
Economics
12th Grade
02/10/2012

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Term
something that is necessary for survival
Definition
need
Term
item desired but not necessary for survival
Definition
want
Term
the study of how people seek to satisfy their needs and wants by making choices
Definition
economics
Term
physical objects such as clothes or shoes
Definition
goods
Term
actions or activities that one person performs for another
Definition
services
Term
limited quantity of resources to meet unlimited wants
Definition
scarcity
Term
the resources that are used to make all goods and services
Definition
factors of production
Term
natural resources that are used to make goods and services
Definition
land
Term
the effort that people devote to a task for which they are paid
Definition
labor
Term
all human-made goods that are used to produce other goods/services
Definition
physical capital
Term
the skills and knowledge gained by a worker through education and experience
Definition
human capital
Term
a risk-taker who uses land, labor, & capital to create new goods/services
Definition
entrepreneur
Term
a graph that shows alternative ways to use an economy’s resources
Definition
production possibilities curve
Term
using resources in such a way as to maximize the production of goods/services
Definition
efficiency
Term
an alternative that we sacrifice when we make a decision
Definition
trade-off
Term
the value of the most desirable alternative given up as the result of a decision
Definition
opportunity cost
Term
using fewer resources than economy is capable of using
Definition
underutilization
Term
the ability to produce more of a given product using a given amount of resources
Definition
absolute advantage
Term
the ability to produce a product most efficiently given all other products that can be produced
Definition
comparative advantage
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