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changes ithoughts , perceptison and mood, minimal sedation, no change in memory or intellectual functino. Halucinations or ollusions in a clear cosnciousness (people are wide awa during thsi experience). 5-ht2 (seratonin systeM .
no abstinencesyndrome, non detox needed, lethal overdose rare, psychological dpeendance/comppuslvie use. Often not includedi nroutine drug screen (pcp is) |
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| dilated upils ,icnreaed hr and bp , hyperthermia ,flushing ,tremor, salivation. HIgh potency. Synesthesia: overflow of senses |
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| visual inspcetion is nearly impossible. LSd blotter paper |
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| Dissosciative anesthetic- .. |
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| Can be tkaen any form :oral iv smoke snort |
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| psychosis, resembling schizophrenia. profoudn autonomic effects. Vertical nystagmus, |
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| Marijuana mode of distribution |
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| Mixed with tobacco, PCP cocaine, formaldehyde (blunts0 , orally. |
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| marijuana nubmer one illicit drug used in united satates |
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| cannabinoid recepetors- pleasure , memory thought concentration ,sensory and tiem perception, adn coordinated movement . |
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| activated component of marijuana- determiens potency . [THC] concentration has risen dramatically in last 20-30 years |
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| Dopamine is released in the nuclus accumbens. |
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| compulsive use depsitei tnerferencew ith funcitoning. LIttle physiological depepndacne (characteristic of all hallucinogens). Withdrawal syndroem- irritiablity, dififculty slepeign, anxiety aggression |
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| adverse effects marijuana |
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Definition
| Physical- soke harms lungs- decrease immune funciton andi ncrase risk of cancer. Mental impairment- memory, judgement, amotivational syndrome |
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| progression of legal drugs to illegal drugs. Tobacco-> marijuana-> cocain/opiate /others. |
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| no cannabis specific treatment , outpatient , withdrawal not lfie threatening ,aging= predicotr of cessation . medication not proven e ffective, drug test can be postiive for weeks. |
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| Dranabinol (marinol) uses. |
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Definition
| syntehticoral thc, antiemetic for chemo. Anorexia from aids . lowabuse potential |
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| medical usage of marijuana |
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Definition
| proposed indications: antiemetic, mild analgesia, stimualteds apeptatie, glaucoma effect etc. |
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| schedule I; california medical marijuana initative- right to posses and ucltivate marijuana for emdical purposes. twelve states have legalized medical marijuana use |
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| syntehtic marijuana gives users legal high |
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Definition
| k2 or spice. More powerful than marijuana. |
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| herbal high . opioid receptor agonist. Chewed or smoked. short duration fo a fewm inutes. |
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| MDMA (ecstasy), GHB, GBL, ketamine , orhynol metanphetamine |
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| ahs gratly icnresed over last few years |
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| ahs gratly icnresed over last few years |
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| high among high school students, cacasucian suers, but more diverse recently. Not in standard drug test. Little formal training. Fe studies for effec,t used al lacross the counry, icnresed risk of unwatned sex/HIV. Misdiagnosis in many settigns |
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| very short time to effect (30-60 min), effecti s over in 2-5 hours . mild halluciogen.alert, good recall |
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| drug hybrid : ahallucinogen adn stimulant masisve neurotransmitter effect. release of 5ht, da, and ne, inhibits reuptake ,and MAO inhibitor. amphteamine propteries: NE. hallucinogenic: DA nad 5ht. tempruatre regulatin and lomcoation: 5ht. |
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Definition
| amphetamien -methamphetamine-mda-mdma |
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| tachycardai ,htn dry mouth, decreased appetite palpations trismsu (jaw clenching) ,t eeth grinding, anxiety, anusea. |
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| anxiety/panic (uncommon). touching within- more lovign more empathic lowers defenses. Used by fringe therapsists for psychotehrapy. |
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| hangover/crash- depletion of neurotransmitters. Fatiuge, myalgia, sore jaw muscles, irritibablitiy, headache adn depression. Rapid tolerance to pistive efectss, repeated use has mroe side effects. Possible less abuse potential? |
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| there were a few.Sydnrome : of hyeprthermia ,dehyration, crowddwing and overactivity. Nueroleptic malignant syndroem 0 high body temperature msucle ridgidy. Musclebreakdwon (rhabdomyolisis) myoglobinuria (muscle spilling in urine), DIC, shock organ fialure ,death. |
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| potent and select 5ht neurotoxin .Serotonin depletion. Axonal deengeartin o 5ht neurosn , can persisit even eyar after exposure . |
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| measurements of serotinin funtion |
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Definition
| reduced serotonin: seratonin metabolites reducedi n CSF, altereted teryptophan challegnes tudies, eauditory evoked potenial reduced seratonin. Neuroimaging- for reduced seratonin |
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| mdma neurotoxicity treatment |
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Definition
| adverse effects reduced with Ssri inhibitor |
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Definition
| reduction in total sleep, less non rem sleep, subjectivtely feel elss restful sleep. |
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| mdma effecst on cognition |
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Definition
| reduction i nworkign emory ,enw learnign and exectuve fucntions |
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Definition
| polydrug use, anabolic streoids, unproected sex. Interacitons between drug adn hi treatmetns cause prologned effects of drugs. |
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| fluoxetien adn fluoxamien acutally rpovdied proection to 5ht neurons. NO effect on hyperthermia and the lethal consequnceso f ectasy aren ot ef fected by this |
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Definition
| used by boydybuilders to increase body amssa nd euphoric effects. Endogenosu enurotransmitter |
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Definition
| colorless odorless, has a short halflife |
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| GHB origina nad mOA/ interactions |
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Definition
| found naturally in substantia nigra, hypothalamsu and thalmus . bleieve dto mediate slepe ,temperature memory emotional contorl adnceerebral glucose contorl >Neuroptoretcitve- protects tissue form hpoxia. HElps adjsut demand for glucose and oxygen in repsoen to metabolism. SYnergistic with alcohol- more likely toh ave respiratory depresison- fall asleep and stop breathing. |
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| ghb clinical presentation |
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Definition
| young male bodybuidle who shoes up using polydrugs, confused, agitated, brief intoxiaction, hours person wil lcoem out of it. |
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| neurologic and cardiopulmonary (nosnpecific. intoxication resolvesi n hours. |
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| chemcially related to pcp , dissociative anesthetic. |
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| effects like pcp. NMDA receptor in a way similiar to PCP, lots of different forms ,liquid , powder, can be smoekd. |
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| KEtamine clinical presenattion |
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Definition
| brief intox, schizophrenia sydnrome, hallucinations , movement bizarre, rigidity, posturing,repetitive acts,out of body experience |
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Definition
| neurological ,cardiopulmonary , nonspecific , halfife is short and deathi s rare |
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Definition
| cognitive ares liek dreducedmemory,, diffuclty learning |
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| rufees. Date-rape drug. a Benzodiazapmine. tis noen not prescribedi n u.s. |
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Definition
| anterograde amnesia, insomnai treamtent in toehr parts of thew orld. |
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| rohypnol clinical effects |
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Definition
| relaaxation lwo bp , sleepy/drunk feeling, motor incoordiantion ,confusion, anterograde amnesia |
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| sChedule II- used for nacolepsy adn ADHD. |
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| high levels of dopamien in bain ,highly addicted, chagne brain fucntion - damge neuron cell endings- dopamine and seratonin. Reducedm toor speed and verbeal learning. chronic usersh ave severe chagnes in brain ssociated with emotion and memory. |
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Definition
| incresewakefulenss phsycial activity, resp, vital signs go up, irregular heart beat and hyperthermaia nd erduced appetite. |
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| nuropsychiatric effects on slepe, mood, memory loss etc. severe dental problems. |
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| number one illictur drig in us. Goo prortion fo peole 12 and odlerh avetried it. |
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