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Haircutting
Glossary
51
Cosmetology
10th Grade
05/25/2011

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Term
Angle
Definition
Space between two lines or surfaces that intersect at a given point.
Term
Apex
Definition
Highest point on the top of the head.
Term
Bang(Fringe)
Definition
Triangular section that begins at the apex and ends at the front corners.
Term
beveling
Definition
Technique using diagonal lines by cutting hair ends with a slight increase or decrease in length.
Term
Blunt Haircut
Definition
Haircut in which all the hair comes to one hanging level, forming a weight line or area; hair is cut with no elevation or over direction; also referred to as one-length, zero-elevation, no-elevation cut.
Term
Carving
Definition
Haircutting technique done by placing the still blade into the hair and resting it on the scalp, and then moving the shears through the hair while opening and partially closing the shears.
Term
Clipper-over-comb
Definition
Haircutting technique similar to scissor-over-comb, except that the clippers move side to side across the comb rather than bottom to top.
Term
Cross-checking
Definition
Parting the haircut in the opposite way from which you cut it, to check for precision of line and shape.
Term
Crown
Definition
Area of the head between the apex and back of the parietal ridge.
Term
Cutting line
Definition
Angle at which the fingers are held when cutting, and ultimately the line that is cut; also known as finger angle, finger position, cutting position, cutting angle.
Term
Distribution
Definition
Where and how hair is moved over the head.
Term
elevation
Definition
Angle or degree at which a subsectionof hair is held, or lifted from the head when cutting; also referred to as projection or lifting.
Term
Four Corners
Definition
Points on the head that signal a change in the shape of the head, from flat to round or vice versa.
Term
Free-hand notching
Definition
Notching technique in which pieces of hair are snipped out at random intervals.
Term
Free-hand Slicing
Definition
Technique used to release weight from the subsection, allowing the hair to move more freely.
Term
Graduated haircut
Definition
Graduated shape or wedge; an effect or haircutthat results from cutting the hair with tension, low to medium elevation or over direction.
Term
Graduation
Definition
Elevationoccurs when a section is lifted above 0 degrees.
Term
Growth Pattern
Definition
Direction in which the hair grows from the scalp; also referred to as natural fall or natural falling position.
Term
Guidline
Definition
Section of hair, located either at the perimeter or the interior of the cut, that determines the length the hair will be cut, also referred to as a guide usually the first section that is cut to create a shape.
Term
Hairline
Definition
Hair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face, around the ears, and on the neck.
Term
Head form
Definition
Shape of the head, which greatly affects the way the hair falls and behaves; aslo called head shape.
Term
Interior
Definition
Inner or Internal part.
Term
Interior Guideline
Definition
Guideline that is inside the haircut rather than on the perimeter.
Term
Layered Haircut
Definition
Graduated effect achieved by cutting the hair with elevation or over-direction; the hair is cut at higher elevations usually 90 degrees or above, which removes weight.
Term
Layers
Definition
Create movement and volume in the hair by releasing weight.
Term
Line
Definition
Thin continuous mark used as a guide; can be straight or cured, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.
Term
Long layered Haircut
Definition
Haircut in which the hair is cut at a 180 degree angle; the resulting shape has shorter layers at the top and increasingly long layers toward the perimeter.
Term
Nape
Definition
Back part of the neck; the hair below the occipital bone.
Term
Notching
Definition
version of a point cutting in which the tips of the scissors are moved toward the hair ends rather than into them; creates a chunkier effect.
Term
Over-Direction
Definition
Combing a section away from its natural falling position, rather than straight out from the head, towarda guideline; used to create increasing lengths in the interior or perimeter.
Term
Palm-to-palm
Definition
Cutting position in which the palms of both hands are facing each other.
Term
Parietal Ridge
Definition
Widest area of the head, usually starting at the temples and ending at the bottom of the crown.
Term
Part/Parting
Definition
Line dividing the hair to the scalp that separates on section of hair from another or creates subsections.
Term
Perimeter
Definition
Outer line of a hairstyle.
Term
Point Cutting
Definition
Haircutting technique in which the tips of the shears are used to cut "Points" into the ends of the hair.
Term
Razor-over-comb
Definition
Texturizing technique in which the comb and the razor are used on the surface of the hair.
Term
Razor Rotation
Definition
Texturizing technique similar to razor-over-comb, done with small circular motions.
Term
Reference Points
Definition
Points on the head that mark where the surface of the head changes or behavior of the hair changes, such as ears, jawline, occipital bone, apex, and so on; used to establish design lines that are proportionate.
Term
Sections
Definition
To divide the hair by parting into uniform working areas for control.
Term
Scissor-over-comb
Definition
Haircutting technique in which the hair is held in place with the comb while the tips of the scissors are used to remove the lengths.
Term
Slicing
Definition
Technique that removes bulk and adds movement through the lengths of the hair; the shears are not completely closed, and only the portion of the blades near the pivot is used.
Term
Slide Cutting
Definition
Method of cutting or thinning the hair in which the fingers and shears glide along the edge of the hair to remove length.
Term
Slithering (effilating)
Definition
Process of thinning the hair to graduated lengths with shears; cutting the hair with a sliding movement of the shears while keeping the blades partially opened; also called effilating.
Term
Stationary Guideline
Definition
Guideline That Does Not move.
Term
Subsections
Definition
Smaller sections within a larger section of hair, used to maintain cntrol of the hair while cutting.
Term
Tapers
Definition
Haircutting effect in which there is an even blend from very short at the hairline to longer lengths as you move up the head, to taper is to narrow progressively at one end.
Term
Tension
Definition
Amount of pressure applied when combing and holding a section, created by strecting or pulling the section.
Term
Texturizing
Definition
Removing excess bulk without shortening the length.
Term
Traveling Guideling
Definition
Guideline that moves as the haircutting progresses, used often when creating layers or graduation.
Term
Uniform Layers
Definition
Hair is elevated to 90 degrees from the scalp and cut at the same length.
Term
Weight Line
Definition
Visual line in the haircut, where the ends of the hair hang together.
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