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haircutting
glossary
51
Cosmetology
10th Grade
05/25/2011

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Term
angle
Definition
space between two lines or surface that intersect at a given point
Term
apex
Definition
highest point on the top of the head
Term
bang (fringe)
Definition
triangular section that begins at the apex and ends at the front corners
Term
beveling
Definition
techique using diagonals lines by cuttig hair ends with a slight incraese or decrease in length
Term
blunt haircut
Definition
haircut in which all the hair comes to one hanging level, forming a weight line or area, hair is cut with no elevation or over-direction, also referred to as a one-lengh, zero-elevation, or no-elevation cut
Term
carving
Definition
haircutting technique done by placing the still blade into the hair and resting it on the scalp, and then moving the shears through the hair while opening and partially closing the shears
Term
clipper-over-comb
Definition
haircutting technique similar to scissor-over-comb, exepect that the clipper move side to side across the comb rather than bottom to top
Term
cross-checking
Definition
parting the haircut in the oppposite way from which you cut it, to check for precision of line and shape
Term
crown
Definition
area of the hand between the apex abd back of the parietal rige
Term
cutting line
Definition
angle at which the finger are held when cutting, and ultimately the line that is cut, also know as finger angle,finger position, cutting angle
Term
distribution
Definition
where and how hair is moved over the head
Term
elevation
Definition
angle or degree at which a subsection of hair is held, or lifted, from the head when cutting, also referred to as projection or lifting
Term
four corners
Definition
points on the head that signals a change in the shape of the head, from a flat to round or vice area
Term
free-hand notching
Definition
notching technique in which pieces of hair are snipped out at random inervals
Term
free-hand slicing
Definition
techniques used to release weight from the subsection, allowing the hair to move more freely
Term
graduated haircut
Definition
graduated shape or wedge,an effect or haircut that results from cutting the hair with tension, low to medium elevation or over direction
Term
graduation
Definition
elevations occur when a section is lifted above 0 degreees
Term
growth pattern
Definition
direction in which the hair grows from the scalp, also referred to as natural fall or natural falling position
Term
guideline
Definition
section oh hair, located either at the perimeter or the interior of the cut, that determines the length the hair will be cut, also referred to as guide, usually the first section that is cut to create a shape
Term
hairline
Definition
hair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face, around the ears, and on the back
Term
head form
Definition
shape of the head, which greatly affects the way the gair falls and behaves, also called head shape
Term
interior
Definition
inner or internal part
Term
interior guideline
Definition
guideline that is inside the haircut rather than on the perimeter
Term
layered haircut
Definition
graduated effect achieved by cutting the hair with elevation or one-direction, the hair is cut at higher elevation, usually 90 degrees or above, which removes weight
Term
layers
Definition
create movement and volume in the hair by releasing weight
Term
long-layered haircut
Definition
haircut in which the hair is cut a 180-degree angle, the resulting shape has shorter layers at the top and increasingly longer layers towars the perimeter
Term
nape
Definition
back part of the neck, the hair below the occipital bone
Term
notching
Definition
version od point cutting in which the tips of the scissors are moved towards the ends rather than into them, creates a chunkier effect
Term
over-direction
Definition
combing a section away from its natural falling position , rather than straight out from the head, toward a guidelines. used to create increasing longer toward the perimeter
Term
palm-to-palm
Definition
cutting position in which the palms of both hands ar facing each other
Term
pariental ridge
Definition
widest area of the hand. usually starting at teh temples and ending at the bottom of the crown
Term
part/parting
Definition
line dividing the hair to the scalp that separates one section of hair from another or creates subsection
Term
perimeter
Definition
outer line of a hairstyling
Term
point cutting
Definition
haircutting techique in which the tips of the shears are used to cut "points" into the ends of the hair
Term
razor-over-comb
Definition
texturing techiques in which the comb and the razor are used on the surface of the hair
Term
razor rotation
Definition
texturing techiques similar to razor-over-comb, done iwth the small circular motion
Term
reference points
Definition
points on the head that marks where the surface of the head changes or the behavior of the hair changes, such as ears,jawline.occipital bone,apex,and so on used to establish design libes that are proportionate
Term
sections
Definition
to divide the hair by parting into uniform working areas for control
Term
scissor-over-comb
Definition
haircutting techiques in which the hair is held in place with the comb while the tips pf the scissors are used to remove the length
Term
slicing
Definition
technique that removes bulk and adds movement through the lenghts of the hair, the shears are not completely closed, and only the portion of the blades near the pivot is used
Term
slide cutting
Definition
method of cutting or thinning the hair in which the finger and shears glide along the edge of the hait to remove length
Term
slithering
Definition
process of thinning the hair to graduate length with shears, cutting the hair with a sliding movement of the shears while keeping the blades partially opened, also called effilating
Term
stationary guideline
Definition
guidelnes that does not move
Term
subsection
Definition
smalller section within a larger section of hair, used to maintain control of the hair while cutting
Term
tapers
Definition
haircutting effect in which there is an even blend from very short at the hairline to longer lengths as you move up the head, " to taper" is narrow progessively at one end
Term
tension
Definition
amount of pressure applied when combing and holding a section, created by stretching or pulling the section
Term
texturizing
Definition
removing excess bulk without shortening the length, changing the appearance or behavior of the hair through specific haircutting technique, using shears thinning shears or a razor
Term
traveling guidelines
Definition
guidelines that moves as the haircutting processes, used often when creating layers or graduation
Term
uniform layer
Definition
hair is elevated to 90 degrees from the scalp and cut at the same length
Term
weight line
Definition
visual "line" in the haircut, where the ends of the hair hang together
Term
line
Definition
this continuous mark used as a guide, can be straight or curved, horizontal,vertical,or diagonal
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