Term
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Definition
A located or systemic infection acquired due to hospitalisation with no evidence of presence at time of admission
includes those after discharge
must appear 48h after admission or within 30 days of discharge |
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Term
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Definition
| pathogens on hand of personnel, equipment - intubation, ventilation, catheter |
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Term
| Risk factor - organisational |
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Definition
| contaminated air conditioning, water, physical layout |
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Term
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Definition
latrogenic
organisational
patient age weight health
severity of illness
underlying immunocompromised state
length of stay in hospital
physical trauma
burns
surgery
indwelling devices - catheter etc |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria from other patient/staff |
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Term
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Definition
Airborne
-talking/coughing
-natural skin shedding
contact spread
-person - person
-person - object - person
-catheters
food borne
-kitchen
-infant feeding
-cockroaches/flies/insects
blood
-accidental needle stick injuries
self + cross infections
-lower bowel surgery
-nose - wound
other
-surgeons punctured glove
inadequately sterilised equipment |
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Term
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Definition
dircectly effects, patients,staff, employers, carers
chronic illness
anxiety
longer hospital stay
loss of earnings
impacts health service
cost of diagnosis and treatment
antibiotics for resistant organisms more expensive |
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Term
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Definition
monitor infections via mandatory and voluntary surveillance
schemes
covers: MRSA,MSSA,Ecoli,p.aurginosa,c.difficle, all surgical site infections SSISS |
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Term
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Definition
central line associated blood stream infections
no minimum time for line insertion to be bsi related
any vein/artery can become infected
prevention:
-hand hygiene
-skin antiseptic
-enusre skin prep agent dries properly
sterile gloves and gown
remove line as soon as its no longer needed |
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Term
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Definition
usually from catheterisation
generally lower morbidity
commonly gut flora
females more likely |
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Term
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Definition
ventilation is primary risk factor
usually endogenous
organisms more likely to be resistant |
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Term
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Definition
ventilation associated pneumonia
most common cause of death in ICU
oral bacteria dragged down throat
prolonged mechanical ventilation increases risk 10 fold
usually mdr |
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Term
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Definition
superficial incision 30 days
-only skin and subcutaneous tissue
deep incision 30 days 1y w implant
- deep tissue
organ space 30 days 1y w implant
- any part of the anatomy other than surgical site
large bowel surgery has highest incidence due to gut flora |
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Term
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Definition
prevention/mitigation
don't start antibiotics without evidence
document all prescribed antibiotics
obtain cultures first if possible
review antibiotics 48-72h
barrier precautions
hand hygiene
negative pressure rooms
sterilised surfaces
terminal cleaning processes
cohort in outbreaks |
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Term
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Definition
helpful
hand hygiene
maximal barrier precautions
skin antiseptic
optimal catheter site
daily review of line - remove unnecessary lines |
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