Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| difficulty breathing standing/sitting |
|
|
Term
| what are cheynne stokes breathing? |
|
Definition
| deep breathing, interpsersed with apnic periods |
|
|
Term
| intercostal space number one is located where... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anterior landmarks of anterior thorax... |
|
Definition
| right midclavicular line, midsternal line, left midclavicular line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name to pleural membranes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the apex of the lung is located at the... *** |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crackle sounds, bones or hair rubbing together. air escaping from lungs into sub q tissues, extreme congestion, consolidation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trapped air, loud, emphysema |
|
|
Term
| bronchial, bronchivesicular, vesicular locations.. |
|
Definition
| throat, mediastinum, lungs (midclavicular) |
|
|
Term
| "high, moderate, low" sounds locations |
|
Definition
| throat, medistinum, midclavicular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crackles are also called.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TB, or pneumococcal pneumonia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chest goes out, Pigeon chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| periods of apnea, and regular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| irregular periods of apnea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "sway back" kim kardashian |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of abnormal breath sounds |
|
Definition
| wheezing,crackles..adventitious |
|
|
Term
| heart is located between.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| atrium has ? walls than ventricle.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the atrium ? blood, while the ventricle ? blood. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the tricuspid valve.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the mitral valve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| separates the ventricles and arteries |
|
|
Term
| the superior and inferior vena cava... |
|
Definition
| return unoxygenated venous return to the right side, |
|
|
Term
| pulmonary artery leaves the R ventricle.. |
|
Definition
| bifurcates and carries venous bifurcates and carries the venous blood to the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| return the newly oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the electrical charge that stimulates contraction originate from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the heart pumps how much blood every minute? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CO= SV(stroke volume) x R (heart rate) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| volume of blood in systole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mitral and triscupid valves, closure of the AV valves |
|
|
Term
| S2 is the closure of the.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inspect which neck vessels? |
|
Definition
| jugular veins and carotid arteries |
|
|
Term
| carotid arteries are located between the |
|
Definition
| trachea and sternomastoid muscle |
|
|
Term
| pulsation strength scale.. |
|
Definition
| 0-absent, 1-weak, 2 normal, 3-increased, 4-bounding |
|
|
Term
| to auscultate carotid arteries... |
|
Definition
| keep neck in neutral position, use bell at: angle of jaw, midcervical area, base of the neck |
|
|
Term
| tell patient to hold breath during... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the apical pulse is visible (in only 1/2 of population) at.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aortic space auscultation... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pulmonic valve auscultation.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Erb's point auscultation... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tricuspid valve auscultation.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mitral valve auscultation.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slow down with respirations.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| every 3-4 beats, isolated beat is early |
|
|
Term
| calculate a pulse deficit |
|
Definition
| apical pulse minus radial pulse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S1 signals the closure of the.. |
|
Definition
| AV valves, and beginning of systole |
|
|
Term
| S2 signals the closure of the.. |
|
Definition
| semilunar valves, and is the end of systole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| during the end of inspiration |
|
|
Term
| where is the split S2 heard? |
|
Definition
| only in pulmonic valve area & L 2ICS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased BP, use caution when palpating and auscultating carotid, use R Jugular when measure venous pressure, difficult to assess apical pulse |
|
|
Term
| premature ectopic beats are normal in.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| apical pusle, note heave or thrill, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anatomic areas, rate and rhythm, identify s1 and s2, listen for murmurs, *** listen at apex in L lateral position, listen at base with person sitting**** |
|
|
Term
| varicose veins are caused by.. |
|
Definition
| vein valves not closing effectively |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strong and tough and contain elastic fibers (constriction and dilation) |
|
|
Term
| arteries contain muscle fibers which.. |
|
Definition
| controls amount of blood delivered to tissue |
|
|
Term
| the function of the veins.. |
|
Definition
| drains deoxygenated blood and waste products from tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thinner and have a large diamter |
|
|
Term
| where is the temporal artery palpated? |
|
Definition
| in front of the ear near the tragus |
|
|
Term
| where is the carotid artery palpated? |
|
Definition
| between the sternomastoid muscles and the trachea |
|
|
Term
| major artery of the arm.. |
|
Definition
| brachial- palpated in the bicep/tricep furrow |
|
|
Term
| the radial artery is palpated.. |
|
Definition
| laterally on the wrist, thumb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| femoral, palpated in groin, rarely used |
|
|
Term
| popliteal artery divides into.. |
|
Definition
| anterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis |
|
|
Term
| the posterior tibial pulse is palpated.. |
|
Definition
| behind the medial malleolus |
|
|
Term
| the function of lymphatics.. |
|
Definition
| retrieves excess fluid from tissue spaces and returns it to the veins, somewhat more fluid leaves the capillaries than the veins can absorb. |
|
|
Term
| the right lymphatic duct empties into the.. |
|
Definition
| right subclavian veins, drains R side of head, neck, arm, side of thorax heart and RU section of liver |
|
|
Term
| the thoracic lymph duct drains.. |
|
Definition
| the rest of the body empties into subclavian vein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destroys old RBCs, produces antibodies, restores RBCs, filters micoorganisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| behind sternum and in front of aorta |
|
|
Term
| Describe a normal Allen test.. |
|
Definition
| blood returns to hands within 3-5 seconds of releasing pressure on the ulnar |
|
|
Term
| Describe a positive Homan's sign.. |
|
Definition
| dorsal flexion of the foot to see if cramping is created in the calf |
|
|
Term
| The problem with Homan's sign is.. |
|
Definition
| 1/3 of ppl who have DVT have a positive homan's sign, and possibility of dislodging clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| +1 no swelling, +2 moderate pitting, subsides rapidly, +3 deep pitting leg looks swollen, +4 very deep pitting |
|
|
Term
| expected changes with age.. |
|
Definition
| osteoporosis, postural changes, subq fat changes, muscle mass loss |
|
|
Term
| inspecting joints, you should.. |
|
Definition
| size and contour of joint, skin and tissues over joint, note swelling, deformities |
|
|
Term
| what are some deformities of joints? |
|
Definition
| dislocation, subluxation, contracture, ankylosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assess person's ability to move extremities independently |
|
|
Term
| passive range of motion.. |
|
Definition
| assess the person's ROM with you moving the extremities, crepitation |
|
|
Term
| what to ask patients for assessing orientation.. |
|
Definition
| where they are, what time of day it is.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Olfactory- test sense of smell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Optic, test everyone, snellen and rosenbaum chart |
|
|
Term
| Third, fourth and sixth cranial nerve? |
|
Definition
| oculomotor, trochlear, abducens- pupil size, regularity, and equality, direct and consensual light reflex, accomodation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ptosis, strabismus, nystagmus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trigeminal, assess temporal and masseter muscles by having client clench teeth, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facial, mobility and facial symmetry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vestibulocochlear- whispered hearing acuity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glossopharyngeal, vagus- motor function of mouth, note soft palate and uvula movement, say ahhh. note quality of voice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spinal accessory- assess sternotmastoid and trapezius muscles for size. rotate head against resistance of your hand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypoglossal- ask the person to stick their tongue out. say "light, tight, and dynamite" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| walk 10-20 feet, turn and return. note if gait is smooth, rhythmic, and effortless.. walk on toes, then heels, then tandem ataxia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| best eye opening response, best motor response, best verbal response, pg 64 of Weber text |
|
|
Term
| where is the angle of louis? |
|
Definition
| over the heart (manubriosternal angle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful breathing when laying down |
|
|
Term
| important question to ask with paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea... |
|
Definition
| number of pillows you use? |
|
|
Term
| a low energy level may be indicative of.. |
|
Definition
| sleep apnea, oxygen deprivation to the brain |
|
|
Term
| people with COPD may sometimes have.. |
|
Definition
| nasal flaring and pursed lips |
|
|
Term
| people with COPD may utilize.. |
|
Definition
| accessory muscles in order to breathe, intercostals, nech and shoulders |
|
|
Term
| if chest movements are assymetrical.. |
|
Definition
| person may have collapsed lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin and mucous membrane color, color and shape of nails, chest configuration, tripod position? palpate chest expansion |
|
|
Term
| you should get 02 stats when.. |
|
Definition
| patient is walking and sitting. |
|
|
Term
| what does pleural friction rub sound like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crackles (high pitched) occurring late in inspiration may indicate.. |
|
Definition
| restrictive diseases, pneumonia and CHF |
|
|
Term
| crackles (high pitched) occuring early in inspiration may indicate.. |
|
Definition
| obstructive disorders, bronchitis, asthma, emphys |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| may indiciate pneumonia, edema, pulmonary fibrosis, |
|
|
Term
| continuous adventitious breath sounds may indicate.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| asthma and chronic emphysema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bronchitis or single obstructions |
|
|
Term
| HH q? gradual onset of dyspnea may indicate.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HH q? acute/sudden onset of dyspnea may indicate.. |
|
Definition
| bacterial or viral infection |
|
|
Term
| Edema or angina that occurs with dyspnea may indicate.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chest pain may be absent in older adults |
|
Definition
| with pleuritis bc of alterations in pain perception |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bronchial inflammation, smoking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| post nasal drip/sinusitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| upper respiratory irritation/CHF? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hemoptysis/bloody sputum... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TB, pneumococcal pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| Gerd can be seen in patients with.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| past respiratory infections are important because.. |
|
Definition
| increases risk for reoccurrence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal disease caused by environmental inhalants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a persistent cough. beta blockers, ACE inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| purple coloration may indicate.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| poor circulation, polycythemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spinous processes that deviate laterally may indicate.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do you use to assess tactile fremitus? |
|
Definition
| the ball of the hand, detects vibratory sensations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening for tone changes from resonance to dullness |
|
|
Term
| bronchial sounds should be.. |
|
Definition
| high pitched, loud, short during inspiration- long in expiration, heard in trachea and thorax. |
|
|
Term
| bronchovesicular sounds should be.. |
|
Definition
| moderate pitched, moderate amplitude, same during expiration and inspiration, heard over major bronchi |
|
|
Term
| vesicular sounds should be.. |
|
Definition
| low, soft, long in inspiration, short expiration, heard in peripheral lung fields |
|
|
Term
| first thing that you do when you hear an abnormal breath sound is.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ninety nine- if sound is easily understood thats abnormal.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "E".. sounds like "A" thats abnormal |
|
|
Term
| Whispered pectorliquy ... |
|
Definition
| "one-two-three"... clearly and distinctly heard is abnormal |
|
|
Term
| sternal retractions are noticed with.. |
|
Definition
| severely labored breathing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a lot of bile will make poo |
|
Definition
| yellow (gall bladder and liver disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the liver, produces a lot of fluid in the first abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
| what is a normal bowel sound? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hyperactive bowel sounds may mean.. |
|
Definition
| diarrhea, high pitched, one minute in every quadrant? |
|
|
Term
| hypoactive bowel sounds are called.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abdominal vascular sounds should be heard with |
|
Definition
| the bell of the stethescope. listen to aorta, renal, iliac and femoral arteries |
|
|
Term
| you should use what to palpate abdomen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rules for sexual intercourse.. |
|
Definition
| spooning is best. if client can walk up two flights of stairs or around block. |
|
|
Term
| the jugular vein should be visible.. |
|
Definition
| at 45 degrees and below.. if visible while sitting up, may indicate right sided heart failure |
|
|
Term
| weak pulses may indicate.. |
|
Definition
| hypovolemia , shock or decreased cardiac output |
|
|
Term
| apical pulse may be impossible to palpate with.. |
|
Definition
| patients with pulmonary emphysema |
|
|
Term
| a pulse deficit may indiciate.. |
|
Definition
| atrial fibrillation , atrial flutter, premature ventricular contractions, and very degrees of heart block |
|
|
Term
| a split S2 heard during.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| venous insufficiency looks like.. |
|
Definition
| cyanosis and rusty brown pigmentation of legs |
|
|
Term
| arterial insufficiency looks like.. |
|
Definition
| loss of hair on legs, or thin shiny skin |
|
|
Term
| pallor and rubor are congruent with.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ulcers w some even margins that occur at pressure areas result from.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ulcers with irregular edges, bleeding, and possible bacterial infection.. |
|
Definition
| result from venous insufficiency |
|
|
Term
| the absence of visible veins, tendons, or bonyness... |
|
Definition
| bilateral edema, suggests CHF and lymphedema |
|
|
Term
| pitting edema is suggestive of.. |
|
Definition
| CHF or hepatic cirrhosis and local causes such as venous stasis |
|
|
Term
| loss of warmth as you move down the leg suggests.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal ABI..arterial brachial index |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| moderate insufficienct ABI.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| severe insufficient ABI.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| purple discoloration of the flanks may indicate.. |
|
Definition
| indicates bleeding within the abdominal wall, possibly from trauma to the kidneys, pancreas or from pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
| pale taut skin may be seen with.. |
|
Definition
| ascites, fluid accumulation within the abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
| dilated veins over abdomen may be seen with.. |
|
Definition
| cirrhosis of the liver, inferior vena cava obstruction, portal hypertension, or ascites |
|
|
Term
| dark bluish pink stria may be seen with people.. |
|
Definition
| who have Cushing's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| bluish or purple discoloration around belly button.. |
|
Definition
| Cullen's sign- indicates intrabdominal bleeding |
|
|
Term
| a deviated umbilicus may be caused by... |
|
Definition
| pressure from a mass, enlarged organs, hernia fluid or scar tissue |
|
|
Term
| scaphoid abdominal contour.. |
|
Definition
| may be normal but also may be associated with severe weight loss and terminal illness |
|
|
Term
| vigorous, wide, exaggerated pulsations of the abdominal aorta may indiciate.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high pitched tinkling and rushes of high pitched abdominal sounds w/ cramping... or hyperactive bowel sounds.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| late bowel obstruction can be marked by.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal artery stenosis or aneurysm.. |
|
Definition
| sounds like Bruit in renal artery |
|
|
Term
| hyperresonance and gastric tympany can be heard over.. |
|
Definition
| a gaseous distended abdomen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liver tumors, cirrhosis, abscess or vascular engorgement |
|
|
Term
| right sided guarding in the abdomen may be seen with.. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when a patient wont stop guarding during abdominal exam .. |
|
Definition
| place a pillow under clients knees, palpate at sternum first, ask them to relax |
|
|
Term
| an enlarged spleen suggests.. |
|
Definition
| trauma, mono, chronic blood disorder, and cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eating, toileting, dressing, bathing, brushing teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| food prep, housekeeping, laundry, transportation, and handling finances |
|
|
Term
| expected MSK changes with age.. |
|
Definition
| osteoporosis, postural changes, subq fat changes, muscle mass loss |
|
|
Term
| pronation to supination is.. |
|
Definition
| turning a hand palm down to palm up |
|
|
Term
| grading muscle strength..5-0 |
|
Definition
| 5- FULL ROM- full resistance, 4- FULL ROM some resistance, 3- FULL ROM with gravity no resistance, 2- full passive ROM, 1- slight contraction, 0 no contraction |
|
|
Term
| palpate the temporomandibular joint as.. TMJ |
|
Definition
| the person opens their mouth, ask person to open mouth maximally, lower jaw and move side to side, |
|
|
Term
| palpate the muscles of mastication by.. |
|
Definition
| clenching their teeth, move their jaw laterally and forward, CN 5- try to keep their mouth shut against your resistance |
|
|
Term
| cervical spine inspection.. |
|
Definition
| inspect alignment of head and neck, palpate spinous processess and muscles |
|
|
Term
| the cervical spine ROM (4) |
|
Definition
| chin to chest, lift chin toward ceiling, each ear to shoulder, turn chin to each shoulder. |
|
|
Term
| Shoulders ROM inspection (4) |
|
Definition
| arms forward and up in arcs, arms behind back and hands up toward each other, ams to sides and up over head in arcs, touch hands behind head |
|
|
Term
| for the elbow you should.. |
|
Definition
| flex and extend, flex and extend against resistance |
|
|
Term
| For wrists and hands you should.. |
|
Definition
| inspect and palpate all joints.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bend hand up, down at wrist, bend fingers up, down at wrist, turn hands out, in, spread fingers, make fist, touch thumb to each finger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raise leg, knee to chest, flex knee at hip, swing foot out-in, swing leg laterally, medially.. stand and swing leg back |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bend knee, extend knee, ambulation |
|
|
Term
| assessing knee strength.. |
|
Definition
| ask them to maintain flexion of the knee while you try to pull forward, assess while standing from sitting position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plantar flexion and dorsiflexion, eversion and inversion, flex and straighten toes.. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bend forward and touch their toes, bend sideways and backwards, twist shoulder to each side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| person place time, motor function, pupillary response, vital signs |
|
|
Term
| study study guide, focus in on that, next, use powerpoints, see what all has been talked about, reinforce things wiht text book. KNOW ATI |
|
Definition
|
|
