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H361 Lab Values
Lab Values required for Med/Surg 2
13
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
01/03/2013

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Cards

Term
Red Blood Cell (RBC)
Hematocrit (Hct)
Hemoglobin (Hgb)
Definition
RBC = absolute count of RBC’s per cubic millimeter
Hct = % of RBC’s in plasma
Hgb = oxygen-carrying capacity of RBC’s
Interventions to promote oxygenation, transfusion
Term
White Blood Cell (WBC)
Differential
Definition
Neutrophils (segs and bands) = first WBC’s to increase during acute infection
Monocytes = increase in later phase of an infection, ingest bacterial and debris
Lymphocytes = increase in chronic and viral infection
Interventions to reduce spread of infection
Term
Platelets
Definition
Low platelets can be induced by heparin (HIT)
Monitor for bleeding—oral cavity, GI, urine, bruising
Interventions—transfuse platelets, limit punctures, no rectal procedures
Term
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
Definition
Bleeding time—increased for therapeutic effect
Affected by Lovenox and Heparin
Extremely high levels reversed by protamine sulfate
Term
Protrombin Time (PT)
INR
Definition
Bleeding time—increased for therapeutic effect
Affected by Coumadin
Extremely high levels reversed by Vitamin K
Term
Activated Clotting Time (ACT)
Definition
Similar to APTT
Used to determine when it is safe to pull sheath post angioplasty, end access for dialysis run, and determine effectiveness of heparin therapy
Term
Glucose
Definition
High levels cause hyperosmolarity and dehydration
Low levels cause sweating, LOC changes, must be treated with either oral or IV glucose depending on LOC
Term
Sodium
Definition
Affects neurological and GI status
Depleted by most diuretics
Term
Potassium
Definition
Affects cardiac status
Increases in renal failure, burns, crush injuries
Depleted by loop and thiazide diuretics
Term
Chloride
Definition
Generally follows Na+
Can affect acid-base balance by shifting HCO3-
Term
Venous Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Definition
NOT in ABG
Reflection of amount of HCO3 presence
Term
Calcium
Definition
Affects cardiac, muscular, bone, coag
Watch QT intervals, observe for Cvostek and Trousseau
Term
Magnesium
Definition
Similar to calcium
Depletion can lead to torsades de points
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