Term
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Definition
| "Blood relatives"...or people related by birth |
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Definition
| in-laws, or ppl related by marriage |
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Definition
| a family unit consisting of only parents and children |
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Definition
| prohibition against sexual intercourse between certain kinds of relatives |
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Definition
| marriage rules prohibiting individuals to marry a member of their own social group or category |
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Definition
| marriage rules requiring individuals to marry some member of their own social group or category |
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Term
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Definition
| each individual is allowed to have only one spouse at a time |
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Term
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Definition
| one man is allowed to have multiple wives |
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Definition
| one woman is allowed to have multiple husbands |
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Definition
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Definition
| custom in which a prospective groom and his relatives are required to transfer goods to the relatives of the bride to validate the marriage |
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Definition
| custom in which a man spends a period of time working for the family of his wife |
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Definition
| custom in which the family of a woman transfers property or wealth to her upon her marriage |
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Definition
| couples live with or near the husband's parents |
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Definition
| couple live with or near the wife's parents |
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Definition
| couples establish a separate household apart from both the husband's and wife's parents |
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Definition
| a group of related nuclear families |
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Term
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Definition
| descent through "one line", including partilineal and matrilineal descent |
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Term
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Definition
| form of descent in which individuals trace their most important kinship relationships through their fathers |
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Term
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Definition
| form of descent in which individuals trace their primary kinship relationships through their mothers |
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Term
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Definition
| a unilineal descent group larger than an extended family whose members can actually trace how they are related |
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Term
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Definition
| a unilineal descent group larger than an extended family whose members can actually trace how they are related |
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Term
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Definition
| a named unilineal descent descent group, some of whose members are unable to trace how they are related, but who still believe themselves to be kinsfolk |
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Term
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Definition
| form of descent in which relationships may be traced through both females and males |
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Term
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Definition
| kinship system in which individuals trace their kinship relations equally through both parents |
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Term
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Definition
| in this system mother's and fathers siblings are called aunt and uncle, while their children are called cousins. English kinship terminology is of the Eskimo type |
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Term
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Definition
| in this system mother's and father's siblings are called mother and father, while their children are called brother and sister |
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Term
| type of kinship is used in the U.S. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| form of society in which there is little inequality in access to culturally valued rewards--differences in material wealth, power, and prestige are minimal and based on the personal abilities and chievements of the indiv. most foragers and many horticultural peoples are egalitarian...reciprocity instead of money trade |
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Term
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Definition
| a centralized, multilevel political unit characterized by the presence of a bureaucracy that acts on behalf of the ruling elite |
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Term
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Definition
| political leaders who do not occupy formal offices and whose leadership is based on influence, not authority |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to convince people that they should act as you suggest |
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Term
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Definition
| the recognized right of an individual to command another to act in a particular way; legitimate power |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanisms by which behavior is constrained and directed into acceptable channels, thus maintaining conformity |
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Term
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Definition
| a kind of social control characterized by the presence of authority, intention of universal application, obligation, and sanction |
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Term
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Definition
| informal legal systems in societies without centralized political systems, in which authorities who settle disputes are diefined by circumstances of the case |
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Term
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Definition
| systems in which authority for settling disputes and punishing crimes is formally vested in a single individual or group |
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Term
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Definition
| court systems in which sanctions imposed are designed more to restore harmonious relations between parties than to punish |
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Term
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Definition
| court systems that use codified laws, with formally prescribed rights, duties, and sanctions |
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Term
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Definition
| belief in spiritual beings |
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Term
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Definition
| organized and stereotyped symbolic behaviors intended to influence supernatural powers |
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Term
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Definition
| a public ceremony or ritual recognizing and marking a transition from one group or status to another |
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Term
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Definition
| the culturally defined age categories through which a person passes between birth and death. includes stages such as birth, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, old age, and death...each stage carries certain cultural expectations. |
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Term
| puberty (initiation) rites |
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Definition
| a religious ceremony that symbolically transforms the individual from a child to an adult |
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Term
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Definition
| organized practices and beliefs pertaining to interactions with and control over specific supernatural powers--a society's religion may include several cults, some of which are devoted to curing, some to control weather...etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| type of cult..the attempt to enlist the aid of supernatural powers by intentionally seeking a dream or vision |
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Term
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Definition
| (medicine man) part-time religious specialist who uses his special relation to supernatural powers for curing member of his group and harming members of other groups |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of communal cult in which all members of a kin group have mystical relations with one or more natural objects from which they belive they are descended. |
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Term
| intellectual/cognitive functions of religion |
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Definition
| the notion that religious beliefs provide explanations for puzzling things and events |
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Term
| psychological functions of religion |
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Definition
| the emotional satisfaction people derive from relgion |
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Term
| psychological functions of religion |
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Definition
| the emotional satisfaction people derive from relgion |
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Term
| social functions of relgion |
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Definition
| the effects of relgion on maintaining the institutions of society as a whole keeps ppl in line by instilling and maintaining common values...leads to increased conformity to cultural norms, promotes cohesion and cooperation..etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| the performance of rites and spells for the purpose of causing harm to others by supernatural means |
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Term
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Definition
| teh use of psychic powers ALONE to harm others by supernatural means |
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Term
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Definition
| a worldwide integrated system of buying and selling of goods, materials, labor, and services in the global market |
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Term
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Definition
| the collective history of a an ethnic group that defines which subgroups are part of it and its relationship to other ethnic groups |
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Term
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Definition
| a named social group based on perceptions of shared ancestry, cultural traditions, and common history that culturally distinguish that group from other groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| any overt characteristics that can be used to indicate ethnic group membership |
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Term
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Definition
| an ethnic group with a separate political identity....an ethnic group that claims a right to discrete homeland and to political autonomy and self-determination |
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Term
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Definition
| an ethnic group with only a social identity...a subgroup whitin a larger nationality, which lacks the concept of a separate homeland and makes no claim to any inherent right to political autonomy and self-determination |
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Term
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Definition
| a geographical region over which a particular ethnic group feels it has exclusive rights |
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Term
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Definition
| the deliberate and systematic attempt by the dominant ethnic group to eliminate or remove a rival ethnic group or groups from a geographical region |
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Term
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Definition
| the deliberate and systematic attempt to destroy the ethnic identity of a people for the purpose of assimilating them into the dominant society |
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Term
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Definition
| the deliberate and systematic attempt to physically destroy an unwanted ethnic population |
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Term
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Definition
| the forced resettlement of an unwanted ethnic group to a new geographical location |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance--The deliberate delaying of obligatory action |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance--telling a lie |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance--Intentional damaging or destruction by means of fire or explosion of the property |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form or resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form of resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| everyday form or resistance |
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Term
| 11 everyday forms of resistance |
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Definition
| 1. footdragging 2. dissimilation 3. false complicance 4 pilfering 5. feigned ignorance 6. gossip-slander 7. sabotage 8. arswon 9. assault/muder 10. overcompliance 11. flight |
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Term
| public vs. hidden transcript |
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Definition
| public-how one acts around power...hidden-how one acts behind power |
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Term
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Definition
| created relatives/assigned term to convey obligations/privileges of relatives |
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Term
| 11 key points of technology |
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Definition
| 1. cumulative 2. perceived as labor saving 3. new skills and training required 4. raises capitalization costs 5. cannot separate from the 5 institutions 6. social relations modified 7. new types of cooperation/competition 8. effect of spatial dimension 9. effect of temporal dimension 10. object of labor modified 11. fetishized |
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Term
| 3 stages rites of passage |
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Definition
| separation, transition, and incorporation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what kind of court system does the US have? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 major stressors that can prepipitate revitalization movements |
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Definition
| rapid change, foreign domination, and economic deprivation |
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Term
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Definition
| single adult-run household |
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Term
| difference between everday forms of resistance and open defiance |
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Definition
| everyday resistance is informal. covert. requires no coordination. Based on moral economy. de fact to (in practice but not by law) Open Defiance-formal and overt. Requires coordination. Dejure gains. (law) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. identity provided 2. how you share property 3. mutual systems 4. how one may engage in religious/civic engagements 5. inheritance 6. establishing role expectations 7. incest taboos/regulation of marriage |
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Term
| courts of mediation vs. courts or regulation |
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Definition
| mediation usually in homogenous societies...regulation in heterogeneous groups |
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Term
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Definition
| witches need only think malevolent thoughts to turn their anger, envy , or hatred into evil deeds. Sorcerers must use rites and spells to manipulate objects |
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