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Gross Test 1
Orbit
67
Dentistry
Professional
02/17/2014

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Cards

Term
what are the four bones of the margin of the bony orbit?
Definition
frontal, zygomatic, maxillary, lacrimal
Term
what are the foramina above and below the margin of the bony orbital?
Definition
supraorbital foramen
infraorbital foramen
Term
the optic canal transmits what 2 structures into the orbit?
Definition
II and the opthalmic a.
Term
the superior orbital fissure transmits what 5 structures into the orbit?
Definition
III, IV, VI, the opthalmic nerve, and the opthalmic veins
Term
the inferior orbital fissure transmits what 2 structures into the orbital?
Definition
infraorbital nerve and the zygomatic nerve (branches or V2)
Term
The outer fibrous layer of the eye contains what?
Definition
sclera and cornea
Term
the middle vascular layer of the eye contains what?
Definition
choroid, ciliary body, iris
Term
Inner nervous layer of the eye contains what?
Definition
retina
Term
where do the extrinsic eye muscles insert?
Definition
sclera
Term
what transparent structure allows light to enter the eye?
Definition
cornea
Term
what secretes aqueous humor into the post. chamber?
Definition
ciliary processes
Term
do ciliary processes secrete aqueous humor into the anterior chamber?
Definition
NO - the aqueous humor is secreted into the posterior chamber and passes into the anterior chamber via the pupil
Term
where is aqueous humor absorbed?
Definition
into the sinus venous sclerae
Term
what can interference of aqueous humor absorption lead to?
Definition
glaucoma
Term
what artery and vein supply the retina?
Definition
central a. and v. of the retina
Term
what are the retina and optic nerves sheathed by?
What is the extension of the subarachnoid space around the retina and the optic nerve?
Definition
the three meninges

the intervaginal space
Term
a rise in CSF pressure will compress the ventral vein of the retina and impede venous drainage from the retina. This results in
Definition
papilledema
Term
what are the 3 intrinsic muscles of the eye?
Definition
ciliary muscle
sphincter pupillae muscle
dilator pupillae muscle
Term
what attaches the ciliary muscle to the elastic lens?
Definition
fibers of the ciliary zonule
Term
ciliary muscle contraction causes what?
Definition
accommodation - the fibers of the ciliary zonule relax, causing the elastic lens to "round up" for focusing on a near object
Term
which muscle constricts the pupil?
Definition
sphincter pupillae muscle
Term
which muscle dilates the pupil
Definition
dilator pupillae muscle
Term
pupil constriction term?

pupil dilation term?
Definition
constriction - miosis

dilation - mydriasis
Term
what ganglion lies in the posterior part of the orbit, just lateral to the optic nerve?
Definition
ciliary ganglion
Term
what nerves carry postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the sphincter pupillae and the ciliary muscle?
Definition
short ciliary nerves
Term
from what tendon do the four extra ocular recti muscles arise?
Definition
annular tendon
Term
origin of inferior oblique?
Definition
floor of the orbit
Term
(actual) origin of superior oblique?
Definition
body of sphenoid bone
Term
(functional) origin of the superior oblique?
Definition
trochlea
Term
medial walls of 2 orbits are (parallel/perpendicular) to one another
Definition
parallel
Term
lateral walls of 2 orbits are (parallel/perpendicular) to one another
Definition
perpendicular
Term
what axis is the eye resting on when looking straight ahead?
Definition
visual axis
Term
what axis is the eye resting on when looking to the side?
Definition
orbital axis
Term
which axis permits adduction and abduction of the eye?
Definition
vertical axis
Term
which muscle adducts the eye?
Definition
medial rectus
Term
which muscle abducts the eye?
Definition
lateral lecture
Term
which muscles assist in adduction? What position is the eye in when they assist?
Definition
superior and inferior rectus assist in adduction when the eye is in the primary position
Term
Which muscles assist in abduction?
Definition
superior and inferior oblique
Term
which axis of the eye permits elevation and depression?
Definition
lateromedial axis
Term
muscles that elevate the eye
Definition
superior rectus and inferior oblique
Term
muscles that depress the eye
Definition
inferior rectus and superior oblique
Term
what axis permits intorsion and extorsion?
Definition
anteroposterior axis
Term
which muscles produce intorsion
Definition
superior rectus and superior oblique
Term
which muscles produce extrusion
Definition
Term
what is the mnemonic for innervation of the extrinsic eye muscles?
Definition
SO4LR6R3
- Superior oblique - IV
- Lateral rectus - VI
- Remaining - III
Term
which nerves enter through the superior orbital fissure?
Definition
III, IV, VI
Term
which two muscles insert into the sup. tarsal plate?
what do these muscle do?
Definition
levator palpebrae superioris
superior tarsal muscle

elevate the upper eyelid
Term
levator palpebrae is innervated by ____
origin? insertion?
Definition
superior division of III
origin - lesser wing of sphenoid
insertion - front of superior tarsal plate
Term
superior tarsal muscle origin? insertion?
Definition
origin - levator palpebrae superioris
insertion - superior border of superior tarsal plate
Term
paralysis of levator palpebrae superioris or superior tarsal muscle due to lesion of III or cervical part of sympathetic trunk will cause what?
Definition
ptosis
Term
periosteum of the orbita is called the _____
Definition
periorbita
Term
the periosteum is continuous with the ___ ___ at the optic canal and superior orbital fissure
Definition
dura mater
Term
what is the fascial sheath that surrounds the eyeball?
Definition
bulbar sheath
Term
other than the optic nerve, the chief sensory nerve of the orbit is the _____ n.
Definition
opthalmic nerve
Term
3 branches of V1?
Definition
Nasociliary n.
Lacrimal n.
Frontal n.
Term
As it leaves the ganglion, V1 only has what functional component?
Definition
GSA
Term
the frontal nerve branches into which 2 nerves?
Definition
supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve
Term
supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve innervate what?
Definition
sensory to upper eyelid, forehead, and scalp
Term
the lacrimal nerve innervates?
Definition
sensory to the lacrimal gland and upper eyelid
postsynaptic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to lacrimal gland
Term
the nasocilliary nerve gives off a couple ______ nn.
Definition
long ciliary nerves -sensory innervate cornea and also postsynaptic sympathetic fibers to the dilator pupillae
Term
the nasociliary nerve gives off what near the medial wall of the orbit
Definition
anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerve
Term
anterior ethmoidal nerve enters the nasal cavity where is gives off GSA branches, becomes the external nasal nerve suppling what part of face?
Definition
lower half of nose
Term
infratrochlear nerve leaves orbit and supplies what part of face?
Definition
skin over the upper one-half of the nose
Term
chief artery of orbit?
Definition
opthalmic artery
Term
opthalmic artery arises from the ___? Enters the orbit through the ____?
Definition
ICA
enters through the optic canal
Term
ocular branches of the opthalmic artery supply what?
orbital branches of the opthalmic artery supply?
Definition
eyeball
extraocular structures
Term
which veins drain the choroid of the eye?
Definition
vorticose vv.
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