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| most beautiful singer, his wife died by a snake bite and he went to the underworld to convince hades and persephone to take her back. his voice was so beautiful that they allowed him to on the condition that he walk in front of her and not look back. he looked back at the last second and she went back to the underworld |
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| Not a very important city in terms of myths but it is where we get many of our texts on myth. Was a center of the arts and home to Plato, Sophocles, and Euripides |
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| King of Mycena. Brother of Meneloas. Son of Atreus |
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| Order of the six ancient periods of Greece |
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1. Mycenaean Bronze Age (1550-1050 BC)
2. Dark Age (1050-750 BC)
3. Arachaic Period (750-479 BC)
4. Classical Period (479-323 BC)
5. Hellenistic Period (323- 31 BC)
6. Roman Empire (31-476 AD) |
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| (1550-1050 BC) Called this b/c many heroes of the time from Mycenae. Ppl came in from the north, speaking what is now Greek, and conquered the indigenous people. Heavily influenced by the near by Cretan (Crete) people, they taught them to write (linear b tablets). Became wealthy through trade to Crete. Warrior class dominated, had many riches. Eventually take over Crete, Civilization falls and writing is lost with it |
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| (1050-750 BC) Called dark age since there was no writing, no very little. They discovered the use of iron which is cheaper than bronze, used it in agriculture, became wealthier. Learn writing at the end of the era and begin to write poetry |
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| (750-479 BC) rise in prosperity of Greek cities. Homer is from early in this era. persian war |
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| (479-323) rise of Athens b/c of their naval force which grew during the Persian wars. the arts flourish in Athens. 431, Sparta begins war with Athens to end its power and they win bringing Greece back to separate powers of different cities. 4th century, king philip takes over all of Greece then his son Alexander the Great takes over. He dies in 323. |
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| 3 characteristics of myth |
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1. Narrative structure
2. Importance to a culture
3. Shared, passed on from generation to generation |
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| 4 elements of the ideology of heroes |
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| death, glory, art, immortality. live is precious since everyone dies and therefore, if you do something great that threatens your life, you win glory. One's glorious endeavors become preserved through art and become immortal |
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| (Terra) She is the Earth. One of the first beings to come out of chaos. Marries Ouranos and creates the Titans, hundred hand beings, and Cyclops. She helps her son Kronos overthrow Ouranos |
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| (Uranus) Sky, night sky. First king of the gods. He hears a prophecy that one of his children will overthrow him so he shoves all of his children back into Gaia, who then makes a sickle (first weapon) and gives it to Cronos who castrates him and overthrows him. Aphrodite is born from his genitals when they land in the ocean |
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| (Venus) Goddess of Love. Born from the sea foam that came from Ouranos' genitals. Married to Hephaistos. Cheats on him with Ares in a myth told in the Odyssey. In the myth of the Iliad, Paris picks her as the loveliest goddess so she wins the golden apple and in return, she has Helen fall in love with him. She loves Paris and protects him in the Iliad |
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| (Saturn) God of time. Son of Gaia and Ouranos (titan). Overthrows his father. Marries Rhea and they have Hera, Zeus, Demeter, Poseidon, Hades, and Hestia. He too hears a prophecy that one of his children will overthrow him so he eats his children every time one is born. Rhea replaces Zeus with a boulder tricking Kronos and so Zeus overthrows Cronos with the help of the Cyclops and thousand hand men |
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| 1) zeus 2)hera 3)poseidon 4)ares 5)athena 6)apollo 7)aphrodite 8)demeter 9)artemis 10)dionysus 11)hermes 12)hephaistos (sometimes hestia and hades are included) |
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| mother of Apollo and Artemis |
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| mother of the seasons, fates, etc. |
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| mother of Athena with Zeus |
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| memory, mother to the 9 muses |
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| mother of the graces w/ zeus |
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| personification of erotic love, normally thought to be a bad kind of love, lustful love |
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| goddess of the harth/fire/home |
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| monster made by tartaros and aphrodite. huge destrucitve force that zeus had to battle back down to the tartaros. He created terrible monsoons |
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| Achilles' war prize. From Chryse. Her father is Chryses. Sister is Chryseis |
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| high priest of Apollo, begs for the return of his daughters but they dont give them back. he prays to Apollo and a plague falls on the achaeans. |
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| Agamemnon and Meneloas' father |
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| river that fights achilles |
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| seer in the beginning of the iliad |
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