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| has some historical ties/background. heroes are prevalent |
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| for entertainment. normal person as protagonist |
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| aspect of myth that explains the origin of a fact or custom. origin myths, why sky is blue, etc. |
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| rationalizing classical mythology somehow. opposite of the antirationalists who favored metaphorical interpretations. |
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| metaphor / allegory / symbolism |
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| explaining a myth through metaphors, allegory, or symbolism. |
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| Euhemerus was a major proponent of rationalist thinking. Euhemerism is rationlism. |
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| believed all myths are nature myths somehow. all referred to meteorological and cosmological phenomena. |
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| Explained myth through metaphor. Looked into the deeper meaning of everything - Oedipus complex, etc. emphasis on sexuality, theory of unconscious, interpretation of dreams. |
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| Successor of Freud. Stressed the idea of the collective unconscious projecting itself onto myths. Emphasized archetypes (a collective, widely recognized symbol or idea). archetype ex: animus = the male that a woman instinctively harbors within her. anima = the female that each man has within him. |
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Oedipus - desire for your mother, bitterness toward father.
Elektra - desire for your father, bitterness toward mother. |
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| stressed by Carl Jung. The collective unconscious of a whole race or group of people. |
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| a collective, widely recognized idea or symbol |
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| the view that myth is connected closely to ritual. Emphasizes the connection between myth and religion. |
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| Wrote "The Golden Bough", a book that pioneered attempts to link myth with ritual. |
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| Wrote "Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion" and "Themis". Books dealing with comparative mythology, religion, and ritual. |
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| In his works, asserted that literary distinctions may be as enlightening as any other type of classification for mythology. |
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| Showed the close connection between myths and social institutions. Led him to explain myths as social "charters" or customs and beliefs. |
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| analyzes myth by breaking it into its component parts. identifies the binary opposites present in the myth (young/old, good/evil, male/female) |
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| stressed the importance of the binary opposites that appear in myth. (young/old, male/female, good/evil, etc) |
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| proposed the idea of motifemes (31 units of action that are common to the Russian Folktales he studied) |
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| Developed four theses as part of a synthesis of the structuralist and historical approaches. |
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