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Greek Art
From the Barron's Review Book
13
Art History
11th Grade
04/30/2012

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
[image]
Definition

Kouros

Greek Archaic, c. 600 BCE, marble

  • Grave marker, replacing huge vases of the Geometric period
  • not a real portrait, but a general representaiton of the dead
  • rigidly frontal
  • emulates stance of Egyptian sculpture, but is nude; arms and legs largely cut free from the stone
  • freestanding and able to move in contrast to many Egyptian works that are reliefs or are attached to stone
  • hair is knotted and falls in neatly braided rows down the back
Term
[image]
Definition

Calf Bearer

Greek Archaic, c. 560 BCE, marble

  • Rhonbos the calf bearer bringing an offering to Athena in thanksgiving for his prosperity
  • thin coat draped over figure
  • two figures are united; tightly woven composition
  • archaic smile, knotted hair
Term
[image]
Definition

Peplos Kore

Greek Archaic, c. 530 BCE, marble

  • Broken hand used to carry offering to Athena
  • hand emerges into our own space, breaks out of the mold of static Archaic statues
  • tightened waist
  • breasts revealed beneath drapery
  • so-called because she is named for the peplos, the garment she is wearingrounded an naturalistic face
  • much of the paint still remains, animating the face and hair


Term
[image]
Definition

Gods and Giants from the Siphnian Treasury

Greek Archaic, c. 530 BCE, marble

  • Mythic battlebetween the Greek gods and the giants, called a gigantomachy
  • shows contemporary military tactics and weapons
  • undercutting of forms creates shadows around legs
  • varying relief depth; attempt at placing figures one behind the other; however, they are all on the same ground line
Term
[image]
Definition

Dying Warrior from the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina

Greek Archaic, c. 500-490 BCE, marble

  • Warrior dying, fits neatly into the corner of the pediment
  • hair in rows of tight curls
  • rigid masculature
  • pose of the crossed legs is awkward and unnatural, especially given the life-and-death struggle the dying warrior is undergoing
  • archaic smile
Term
[image]
Definition

Kritios Boy

Greek Classical, c. 480 BCE, marble

  • Introduction of contrapposto, body standing naturally
  • slight turn to the body, head not strictly frontal but a bit to one side
  • transitional piece between Archaic and Classical art
Term
[image]
Definition

Athena, Herakles, and Atlas from the Temple of Zeus

Greek Classical, c. 470-456 BCE, marble

  • Atlas returning to Herakles with the apples of the Hesperides; Herakles held the world (with a cushion to soften the discomfort) for Atlas while he was gone
  • transitional phase between the stiff Archaic and the more relaxed Classical forms
  • Athena's body revealed under her clothes,l idealized forms on the bodies of Herakles and Atlas
  • Archaic smile is gone
  • figures appear to be able to think
Term
[image]
Definition

The Discus Thrower

Greek Classical, Myron, c. 450 BCE, marble copy from a bronze original

  • In between motion, mid swing
  • impossible pose to throw the discus, but optically the pose works
  • viewpoin mainly from the frontexpressionless face, or perhaps thinking
  • use of negative space opens large areas in the sculpture
  • idealized heroic body
Term
[image]
Definition

Spear Bearer

Classical, Plykleitos, c. 450-440 BCE, marble copy from a bronze original

  • closed stance
  • alternating tense and relaxed elements of the body
  • blocklike solidity
  • broad shoulders, thick torso, muscular body
  • movement restrained, spartan ideal of body
  • warrior and athlete
  • hand once held a spear
  • he averts his gaze; you may admire him, but he does not recognize the admiration
Term
[image]
Definition

Three Goddesses, from the Parthenon

Classical, c. 438-432 BCE, marble

  • Figures are related to one another in their poses, positions, and interconnected meaning
  • clnging, 'wet' drapery reveals the voluptuous bodies beneath; deeply cut drapery
  • figures sit naturally within the frame work of the pediment
  • poetic pose
Term
[image]
Definition

Nike Adjusting Her Sandal, from the Temple of Athena Nike

Classical, c.. 410 BCE, marble

  • Graceful winged figure modeled in high relief
  • deeply incised drapery lines reveal body, wet drapery
Term
[image]
Definition

Aphrodite of Knidos

Classical, Praxiteles, c. 350-340 BCE, marble copy

  • statue once was housed in a round temple and could only have been seen by someone through peeking around columns; voyeuristic view
  • novel in its approach to nudity for females' not openly erotic, but sensual
  • aphrodite steps into a bath
  • she is admired, but averts her gze
  • she is taking a cloak off a water jar
  • sensuous S curve to the budy
  • gentle, dreamy quality
  • modest - hand that is missing would have covered her pelvis
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