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Greek Art and Archeology
Exam 2
49
Art History
Undergraduate 2
11/02/2008

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Cards

Term
Thermon, Temple of Apollo
Definition
c. 630
great sense of experimentation
elongated form
stone foundation
terra cotta slabs that were the first metopes
Term
Olympia, Temple of Hera
Definition
c. 600
• mudbrick walls
• peristyle columns all around
• wooden columns and spur walls
• balanced with view of statue from outside
• Early Doric capital
o cushion and abacus
o how squashed and flat
Term
Samos, Temple of Hera II ("Hekatompedon") and Stoa
Definition
c. 650
• Hekatompedos – hundred footer
• Next to it – Stoa
o important element in religious and secular architecture
o covered walkway with a wall on one side and opened on the other
Term
Mantiklos figurine
Definition
c. 700-675
• Geometric
o triangular torso
o long thighs
• Oriental
o spiral hair screws
o inlaid eyes
Term
Auxerre statuette
Definition
c. 640
example of Daedalic style
• Daedalic style
o tied to creten inventor
o triangular head with pointed face
o flat top of head
o heavy hair in horizontal bands that looks very artificial
o heavy eyes, long straight nose
• Daedalic style seems to be based on terra cotta plaque of Middle Eastern goddess, Astarte.
o mass produced for personal protection
o hair, hands, dress – all similar
Term
Corinthian olpe in animal style
Definition
• pouring jug
c. 650-625
• fantasy animals from middle-eastern cultures
o more naturalistic animals and flowers
o lots of color with more details
o not narrative but decorative
Term
Corinthian style Chigi Vase
Definition
c. 650
hoplites
• olpe shape about 8 inches high
• hunters, warriors, parade of horses
• flank technique, not really trying to find depth
• Hoplight
 foot soldier with two spears, shield and helmet
 when there were rulers that told everyone what to do, they were the ones to protect the community
Term
Proto-Attic Amphora by the Analatos Painter
Definition
c. 690
• hydria with dancers and chariots
o used in sanctuaries and weddings
• Approach similar to geometric
o subdivision into lines
o emphasizing the widest part
• Oriental
o curly cues and shrubs
o big flowers
• Painting
o line of horses and chariots
o young men and women dancing, playing flutes
• decorations on their robes
• men still look geometric
Term
Proto-Attic Amphora from Eleusis
Definition
c. 675
o odysseus blinding polyphemus
• telescoping of two different times to explain the story
• combination of silhouette and outline
• Continuous scene around the pot
o Perseus going after Medusa
o Perseus already has his head
o Not high action
o skirts
• show that they are female and running
• comes from Assyrian art
• animal frieze on the shoulder
o lion fighting a boar
o very oriental idea
Term
Bronze griffin from a cauldron
Definition
Olympia, c. 700-675
• used probably for display or for communal drinking or eating
• found in tomb of Midas
o found with beer/mead/wine at the bottom
Term
polis
Definition
city-state, more of a city than a state
Term
hekatompedon
Definition
hundred footer
Term
hoplite
Definition
 foot soldier with two spears, shield and helmet
 when there were rulers that told everyone what to do, they were the ones to protect the community
Term
Corfu, Temple of Artemis
Definition
c. 580
o Medusa with Pegasus and Chrysaor
• jumped out of medusa’s neck when her head was chopped off.
• flanked by her two children
• Medusa has regular hair and snakes
• grinning mouth with tusks
• staring eyes, frightening monster
o Apotropaic
• “turning away”
• why gorgons are put on drinking cups and stuff
o high action
o Zeus battling a Titan
• in the corner
• battle that set the order in the world
o Man on chair
• in the corner
• being stabbed by someone else
• Pryam being stabbed in his throne or more titans being conquered.
o No unity of subject matter
o Disunity of scale
Term
Corfu, Temple of Artemis
Definition
c. 580
o Medusa with Pegasus and Chrysaor
• jumped out of medusa’s neck when her head was chopped off.
• flanked by her two children
• Medusa has regular hair and snakes
• grinning mouth with tusks
• staring eyes, frightening monster
o Apotropaic
• “turning away”
• why gorgons are put on drinking cups and stuff
o high action
o Zeus battling a Titan
• in the corner
• battle that set the order in the world
o Man on chair
• in the corner
• being stabbed by someone else
• Pryam being stabbed in his throne or more titans being conquered.
o No unity of subject matter
o Disunity of scale
Term
Corinth, Temple of Apollo
Definition
c. 560-540
• walls of the cella lined up with midpoint of columns
• oracle would interpret Apollo
• When the sun sets in the West, it lights up the statue of Apollo
reference to hypogorians
Term
Athens, Acropolis, "Bluebeard" pediment
Definition
c. 550-540
https://blackboard.missouri.edu/courses/1/arthistory_3310_sl/content/_322857_1/Bluebeard%20ped%20bb.jpg
• Herakles vs. Triton
• very political and typical of the Archaic period
• tyrant, Pesistratos, likened himself to Herakles
• three human torsos twisted into one snake
o people of the plains - aristocracy
o people of the hills- middle class
o people of the coast – merchant class
Term
Aegina, Temple of Aphaia
Definition
500 BC
west pediment - 500 BC
o archaic style
o fixed face
o perfect hair
East pediment - c. 490
o king leomedon
o much more natural looking
o arm stuck in his shield
o eyes half closed
Term
Samos, Temple of Hera III
Definition
c. 570
architects Rhoikos and Theodoros
• real Ionic temple
• two rows of columns
o literally a forest
Term
Ephesos, Temple of Artemis
Definition
c. 550
Term
Delphi, Siphnian Treasury
Definition
c. 530
• Keratid – human figure serving as a column
• Battle between Gods and Giants
o restoring order in the world
o if the Giants would have won, it would be a crazy world
o Blue makes the flesh-colored figures stand out
o Layering and overlapping gives depth
o Open poses show action
• Gigantomachy
o battle of the gods vs. giants
Term
New York Kouros
Definition
c. 600
o ornamental ear
o purpose is to remember him at the ideal moment
o egg shaped head
o “ideal human proportions” for both greeks and Egyptians
Term
Anavysos Kouros
Definition
c. 530
o “stop and grieve beside the tomb of Kroisos whom raging Ares destroyed, fighting in the front rank”
o edging towards naturalism
o Inner structure, sense of skeleton on the outside
Term
Kritios Boy
Definition
c. 490-480
Athenian Acropolis
o smaller than life size
o at rest, letting one leg relax
o WATERSHED MOMENT IN GREEK ART
depth, movement, looking at the world
Term
Berlin Kore
Definition
c. 570
sleeved robe and shawl.
large eyes and prominant nose
traces of paint
Term
Kouros and Kore (Phrasikleia) from Merenda
Definition
c. 540
unmarried woman
Artist- Aristion of Paros
Term
Peplos Kore
Definition
c. 530
Found in Athenian Acropolis
last korai in heavy woolen peplos
metal additions
Term
Euthydikos Kore
Definition
c. 490
Athenian Acropolis
intentional simplicity and body movement under garment
faces forward, unlike kritios boy
marks beginning of break with archaic period
Term
entasis
Definition
slight but measurable convex curve to the columns
used to overcome optical illusions that would have been engendered by right angles and straight lines
Term
Doric corner conflict
Definition
o rules are fixed –
• trigylph frames the medope, lined up straight about the center of a column.
• triglyph in the middle of each column
o problem is the corner
• they can’t have a column out in space.
• triglyph was off center
Term
dipteral
Definition
surrounded by a double row of columns
Term
apotropaic
Definition
Intended to ward off evil
• why gorgons are put on drinking cups and stuff
Term
chiton
Definition
dress made of draped fabric and pinned at shoulders
Term
peplos
Definition
heavy woolen dress belted worn over a chiton
Term
himation
Definition
heavier drape cloak worn over chiton
Term
Black Figure Painting
Definition
c. 600-530 BCE
Term
Kleitias and Ergotimos, krater
Definition
c. 570
Black Figure Painting
wedding of Peleus and Thetis and other myths
Francois Vase
first evidence that the roles of potter and painter had become separate at this early date
Peleus and Thetis - married and given two immortal horses as a wedding gift.
Term
Amasis Painter
Definition
c. 540
Belly Amphora
Dionysos making wine
Term
Exekias, amphora
Definition
c. 540
Suicide of Ajax
Achilles and Ajax in armour intent on playing with dice or the game of morra
Term
Exekias, kylix
Definition
c. 540
Dionysos in a boat
Term
Red Figure Painting
Definition
530-480 BCE
Term
Andokides Painter
Definition
c. 525
bilingual amphora
Herakles and the bull
one side is black figure, one is red figure
marks the transition between styles
Term
Euphronios, krater
Definition
c. 510
Death of Sarpedon
Front side depicting Sarpedon’s body carried by Hypnos and Thanatos (Sleep and Death), while Hermes watches
Reverse side depicting Athenian youths arming themselves
Term
Euthymides, amphora
Definition
c. 510
"Revellers"
o his favorite themes are parties and dyonisus.
o side view of middle man, curved spinal column
Term
Brygos Painter, kylix
Definition
"Revellers"
o kylos, open cup
o walking around a round frame –
o inside of the cup
• young man at first symposium
• drunk
• tondo- round frame
Term
iconography
Definition
the traditional or conventional images or symbols associated with a subject and especially a religious or legendary subject
Term
maenad
Definition
the inspired and frenzied female worshippers of Dionysus
Term
satyr
Definition
troop of male companions of Pan and Dionysus
Term
metic
Definition
meant resident alien, a person who did not have citizen rights in their Greek city-state (polis) of residence
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