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Greek and Roman Mythology
Names of Gods, Goddesses, and mythological topics
43
Religious Studies
10th Grade
07/15/2008

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

The Titans 

Definition

 

 

 

 

  • Most Elder gods
  • Sons and daughters of Gaea and Ouranos

 

 

Term

 

 

 

Cronus/Saturn 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Father of Zeus
  • Greatest of the Titans 
Term

 

 

 

Prometheus 

Definition

 

 

  • Savior of mankind through fire
  • Name means "forethought" 
  • Bound with adamantine chains to a rock in the Caucasus
  • Red eagle feasts on his liver
  • Represents rebellion against tyranny
Term

 

 

 

Zeus/Jupiter 

Definition

 

  • Supreme ruler of gods
  • Son of the titan Cronus
  • Unfaithful to his wife
Term

 

 

 

Zeus's Birth 

Definition

 

 

Chronus had been told he would be overthrown by one of his sons, so he ate each one up as they were born, but his wife Rhea secretly snuck him off to Crete when he was born and replaced the baby with a giant rock, which Ceonus ate instead.

Term

 

 

 

 

Hera/Juno 

Definition
 
 
 
  • wife of Zeus
  • always jealous
  • Protector of marriage 
Term

 

 

 

Poseidon/Neptune 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Zeus's brother
  • Ruler of the sea
  • Rode over sea in golden car 
Term

 

 

 

Hades/Pluto 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Brother of Zeus
  • Ruler of the underworld
  • Stole Persephone away to be his wife 
Term

 

 

 

Pallas Athena/Minerva 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Daughter of Zeus, sprang from his head
  • Battle-goddess
  • Protector of civilized life, handicraft, and agriculture
Term

 

 

 

 

Phoebus Apollo 

Definition

 

 

  • Son of Zeus and Leto
  • Master musician of Olympus
  • Taught men the healing arts
  • God of truth and light
  • God of the Oracle at Delphi 
Term

 

 

 

 

Artemis/Diana 

Definition

 

 

  • Twin sister of Apollo
  • Maiden goddess
  • Lady of Wild Things
  • Prevented Greek fleet from sailing to Troy until they sacrificed a maiden to her
Term

 

 

 

Selene

Artemis 

Hecate 

Definition

 

 

  The trinity of Godesses:
  • moon,
  • huntress,
  • the darkness 
Term

 

 

 

 

Aphrodite/Venus 

Definition

 

 

  • Goddess of Love and Beauty
  • Born of foam off the coast of Cyprus
  • Often seen as wife of Hephaestus
Term

 

 

 

Hermes/Mercury 

Definition

 

 

  • Son of Zeus
  • Messenger god
  • Swiftest and most cunning god
  • The Master Thief
  • God of Commerce and the Market
Term

 

 

 

Ares/Mars 

Definition

  

 

  • Son of Zeus and Hera
  • God of War
  • Sister is Discord, Strife her son
Term

 

 

 

Hephaestus/Vulcan/Mulciber 

Definition

 

 

  • Son of Zeus and Hera
  • God of Fire and the Forge
  • The Armorer and Smith of the gods
  • Husband of Aphrodite
Term

 

 

Hestia/Vesta 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Zeus's sister
  • Virgin goddess
  • Goddess of the Hearth
  • Hearth dedicated to her in every city, where fire cannot go out 
Term

 

 

 

 

Eros/Cupid 

Definition

 

 

  • God of Love
  • Usually son of Aphrodite
  • Lover of Psyche 
Term

 

 

 

Iris 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Goddess of the rainbow
  • Messenger of the gods 
Term

 

 

 

The Muses 

Definition

 

  

  • Daughters of Zeus
  • Nine in number
  • "We know how to speak false things that seem true, but we know, when we will, to utter true things."
Term

 

 

 

The Naiads 

Definition

 

 

  • Water nymphs
  • Live in brooks, springs, fountains 
Term

 

 

 

Tartarus

Erebus 

Definition

 

 

 

The deeper area of the underworld

The area where the dead pass as soon as they die 

Term

 

 

 

Charon 

Definition

 

 

 

The aged boatman who ferries souls into the land of the dead 

Term

 

 

 

Cerberus 

 

 

 

Definition

 

 

  • Lulled to sleep by Orpheus's harp
  • Eats a cake from Psyche and lets her pass 
Term

 

 

 

 

The Erinyes 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Punish evildoers in the underworld according to Virgil
  • Also called "The Furies" 
Term

 

 

 

 

Pan 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Son of Hermes
  • Invented the reed pipe
  • Born in Arcady
  • Goatherds' and shepherds' god 
Term

 

 

 

 

Silenus 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Jovial fat old man
  • Companion of Pan and Bacchus 
Term

 

 

 

Castor and Pollux  (Polydeuces)

Definition

 

  

  • Brothers who lived half time in earth, half time in heaven
  • Protectors of sailors
  • One mortal born of Leda and Agamemnon; one immortal born of Leda and Zeus
  • Rescued Helen from Theseus
Term

 

 

 

The Sileni 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Part man, part horse
  • Seen on many Greek vases
Term

 

 

 

The Satyrs 

Definition

 

 

 

  • Goat men
  • Lived in the wild places of the earth 
Term

 

 

 

Oreads 

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

nymphs of the mountains 

Term

 

 

 

Dryads/Hamadryads 

Definition

 

 

 

Nymphs of trees 
Term

 

 

Aeolus

Boreas

Zephyr

Notus

Eurus 

Definition

 

 

  • King of the Winds
  • North Wind
  • West Wind
  • South Wind
  • East Wind 
Term

 

 

 

Chiron 

Definition

 

 

 

 

Centaur known for his goodness and wisdom 

Term

 

 

 

Moirae/Parcae:

Clotho

Lachesis

Atropos 

Definition

 

 

 

The Fates:

The Spinner

The Disposer of Lots

The Cutter of the Thread 

 

Term

 

 

 

 

Janus 

Definition

 

 

  • God of good beginnings
  • One young and one old face 
Term

 

 

 

Demeter/Ceres 

Definition

 

 

  • Goddess of the corn
  • Lost her daughter to the land of the underworld 
Term

 

 

 

Dionysus/Bacchus 

Definition

 

 

  • Born in Thebes
  • His mother was struck dead by lightning as he was born
  • God of the Vine 
Term

 

 

 

Promethius and Io 

Definition

 

 

  • She was a heifer, he was bound to a rock
  • Both in this position because of Zeus
  • She was mother of the man who would set him free 
Term

 

 

 

Europa 

Definition

 

 

  • Born by a bull across the sea
  • Mother of two great kings who became the judges of the dead 
Term

 

 

 

Polyphemus 

Definition

 

 

  • Cyclops who was tricked by Odysseus
  • Cared for sheeps and ram 
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