Term
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Definition
| celiac, superior mesenteric (SMA), inferior mesenteric (IMA) |
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Term
Celiac trunk
supplies what embryonic structure?
what organs arise from it? |
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Definition
foregut
esophagus, stomach 1/2 duodenum |
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Term
superior mesenteric artery
supplies what embry. structure
what organs rise from it this struct |
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Definition
midgut
cecum, ascending colon, 2/3 transverse colon |
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Term
inferior mesenteric artery
supplies what embry. strcutre
what organs arise from it? |
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Definition
hindgut
distal 1/3 transverse colon, descending and sigmoid colon, 1/2 anus |
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Term
| jejunum and ileum get their blood supply from which branch off aorta? |
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Definition
| SMA, branches run between mesentary layers |
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Term
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Definition
| arteries that unite to form loops/arches |
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Term
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Definition
| straight arteries that arise from arterial arcades |
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Term
superior mesenteric artery
supplies arterial supply from where to where |
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Definition
| mid duodenum to 2/3 of transverse colon (stops about left colic flexure where left colic a from IMA takes over) |
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Term
Inferior Mesenteric artery
provides arterial supply from where to where? |
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Definition
| 1/3 distal transverse colon, decending colon (left colic artery) to sigmoid colon (sigmoidal a) |
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Term
hepatoduodenal ligament
conducts what structures?
how diff from hepatogastic lig? |
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Definition
Portal triad
thickened free edge of lesser omentum. also, covered by autonomic nerves/lymphs |
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Term
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Definition
hepatic a: left
portal vein:middle
bile duct:right |
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Term
| how do autonomic nerve fibers get to organs? |
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Definition
| travel along branches of unpaired arteries |
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Term
| where does celic trunk come off aorta (what vert) |
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Definition
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Term
aortic hiatus
what?
where (vert) |
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Definition
hole in diaphragm where aorta goes
T12 |
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Term
esophageal hiatus
where (vert) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Branches of celiac trunk
- which biggest? |
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Definition
left gastric
splenic
Common hepatic
splenic is biggest |
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Term
left gastric artery
- branch of what?
- where moves? |
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Definition
from celiac.
-moves retroperitoneally, superiorly up to esophageal hiatus
-gives rise to esophageal branch
-moves back down along lesser curve of stomach |
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|
Term
splenic
arise from what
where go
branches? |
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Definition
from celiac
-runs retroperitonally, along sup border of pancreas
- goes behind gastrosplenic ligament to speen hilum
short gastric arteries
run to fundus
left gastricepiplotic (gastricomental)
follows greater curve of stomach - anatomoses with right gastricepiplotic (Gasduo a) |
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Term
common hepatic artery
arises from what
moves where?
branches? |
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Definition
celiac trunk
moves right and branches into:
-hepatic artery proper
moves superior and bifurs into r/l hepatic arts
- right gastric a
runs along lesser curve of stomach, anatomoses with left gastric
- gastroduodenal a
moves inferior branches into right gastroepiplotic, superior pancreaticoduodenal |
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Term
| branches of gastroduodenal a |
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Definition
right gastro-epiplotic (along greater curve on stomach)
pancreaticoduodenal a (to head of pancreas) |
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Term
| in which part of stomach to vasa recti anatomose with each other? |
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Definition
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Term
| Branches of common hepatic artery |
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Definition
right hepatic
- cystic (supplies gallbladder)
left hepatic (can come off left gastric) |
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Term
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Definition
| angle between common hepatic duct, cystic duct and liver |
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Term
| right hepatic artery will usually pass behind what? |
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Definition
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Term
| superior mesenteric artery passes over what structure? |
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Definition
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Term
| branches of SMA (sup to info) |
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Definition
middle colic
inferior pancreaticoduodenal (2)
- anterior/posterior (front/behind pancreas)
right colic
intestinal arteries (left if mesentary pushed left)
15-20, run along mesentary.
ileocolic artery |
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Term
vasa recti in intenstinal mesentary
end arteries or no? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| inferior mesenteric artery located where (vert) |
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Definition
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Term
Inferior mesenteric artery
orientation
branches |
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Definition
short stump towards right
left colic (bifs into ascending/descending)
sigmoidal
4-5 anastomotic branches toward sig
superior rectal (behind rectum) |
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Term
| what's sorta special about colic arteries |
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Definition
| they are connected by arcades |
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Term
marginal artery of drummond
what
significance? |
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Definition
all anatomosed arcades of colic/sigmoid arteries.
50% males over 50 have occulded IMA, marginal a provides collateral |
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Term
Portal vein
location
function
formed by what two veins? |
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Definition
posterior to hepatoduodenal ligament
sends blood form GI track to liver to get processed before returning to IVC
superior mesenteric vein & splenic v (main) |
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Term
SMV is right behind what structure?
clinical implications? |
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Definition
head of pancreas
if tumor/swelling of head, portal SMA can get compressed leading to varicocele, caput medusa portal hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| usual cause of esophageal varices? |
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Definition
| portal hypertension usually due to cirrhosis, will bleed |
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Term
teres ligament (round lig)
what is it?
where? |
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Definition
continuous with Falciform ligament just infer/between the anatomoical right/left lobes.
fibrous remnant of umbilical vein (oxy blood from placenta to fetus) |
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Term
ligamentum venosum
what is it?
location? |
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Definition
fibrous remnant of the ductus venosum (shunt that bypassed blood AROUND liver to IVC in fetus)
continuous with round ligament located at the superior part of the left sagittal fissure |
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Term
Caudate lobe of liver
location
belongs to which functional lobels |
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Definition
posterior and superior
at superior end of left and right saggital fissure
belongs to both left and right functional lobes |
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Term
| right sagittal fissure continuous with what? (2 things) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| left and right sagittal, transverse |
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Term
| what is located at the transverse fissure? |
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Definition
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Term
Quadrate lobe
where?
belongs to which lobe?
adjacent to what structure |
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Definition
anterior and inferior
belongs only to right anatomical lobe
adjacent to gallbladder |
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Term
| what vein divides liver into right and left functional lobes? |
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Definition
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Term
| what veins run between the functional segments of liver |
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Definition
| right, left and middle hepatic veins |
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Term
which hepatic vein corresponds to falciform ligament?
how many lung segments total? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tissue/cells of the liver |
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Term
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Definition
| highly permeable blood vessels in which venous and arterial blood mix in liver |
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Term
how much blood volume from portal v received from liver?
how much blood volume from hepatic artery blood received from liver? |
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Definition
70% portal v (poorly oxy)
30% hepatic a (highly oxy) |
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Term
Cxns between venous and portal system
5 |
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Definition
Esophageal cxn:
left gastric (P); azygos (S)
Anus
superior rectal (P); inferior/middle veins (S)
Umbilicus
Paraumbilical v (P); epigastric v (S)
Subphrenic
colon
colic veins (P) retroperitoneal v (S) |
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Term
when portal venous system obstructed,
how manifest in:
esophagus, umbilicus, rectum, spleen |
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Definition
esophageal varices
caput medusae
hemmerroids
splenomegaly (enlargement of spleen) |
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Term
| if portal circulation in liver obstructed, how does blood get to IVC? |
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Definition
| collateral routes will ultimately allow blood to get to right side of heart |
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Term
| Portal veins, why prone to resistance? |
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Definition
| VALVELESS, blood flow can be reversed (not to IVC) and dilate otherwise insignficant portal/caval cxns |
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Term
portal hypertension
3 types
symptoms?
treatment? |
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Definition
prehepatic (pancreatic tumor)
intrahepatic (liver disease)
posthepatic (hepatic vein thrombosis)
hemerroids, caput medusae, esopageal varices (can bleed to death of ruptured)
splenomegly
shunts from hepatic venous system to systemic
fuse: portal vein to IVC, splenic vein to left renal vein, TIPS (trans intrahepatic portal shunt)
TIPS: stenting between right hepatic vein with right portal vein |
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Term
laminar flow of blood through portal veins
what is it? |
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Definition
| blood (from SMA/Splenic v) flows through a common vessel (portal vein) but do not mix. when portal splits into right/left branches blood from SMA and splenic veins go to respective right and left lobes of liver |
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Term
from portal vein, blood originally from SMA flows into which liver lobe?
splenic?
clinically why sig? |
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Definition
RIGHT SMA
LEFT IMV & splenic
cancer from distal colon localizes in left (brought in by blood from IMV) |
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Term
gallbladder
location
function |
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Definition
inferior to right hepatic lobe
hangs over duodenum/Tcolon
right sagittal fossa
store, concentrate, release bile |
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Term
Cystic duct
Spiral vavle of heister |
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Definition
| Hiester's valve - rigid structure that keeps duct from closing with pressure from abdominal wall. doesnt expand well, stone passing here will really hurt. |
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Term
common bile duct formed by the joining of what and what?
how does CBD get to the duodenum, where enter? |
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Definition
cyctic duct and common hepatic duct
burrows through the pancreas and enters through major dd papilla in the second part of the dd |
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Term
ampulla of Vater
what is it?
where? |
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Definition
marks the anatomical transition from foregut to midgut.
halfway along second part of duodenum, located at major duodenal papilla (elevation through which the common bile duct secretes stuff) |
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Term
|
Definition
| muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices through the ampulla vater. |
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Term
gallstones
where pain usually located |
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Definition
| right upper quadrant and/or along back |
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Term
cholecystectomy
what?
result on bile system? |
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Definition
removal of gallbladder
after removed, oddi not functional for about 6 mo. so bile constantly drips into duodenum.
duct system eventually dilates to form a reservoir that functions in place of the gallbladder. it doesnt concentrate bile though. |
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Term
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Definition
| vessels that come off their roots where they 'shouldnt be' |
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Term
end artery
what?
examples? |
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Definition
artery that doesnt anatomose with another
vasa recta, segmental pulmonary arteries, appendicular arteries, short gastric, renal segmental arteries |
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Term
| What runs behind the SMA, in front of aorta? |
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Definition
| pancreas, left renal artery, 3rd part of duodenum |
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Term
T1,
fat & fluid,which is white/ black |
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Definition
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