Term
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Definition
| state action or efforet, indicates a state of being |
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Term
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Definition
1.carry or transfer the action of something.
2. followed by direct objects (the something that it receives
3. gives rise to question "what?" or "whom?" |
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Term
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Definition
1. convey action or sense of location
2. have no receipient
3. could answer the questions "where" or "how"
Sam smiled broadly. (how did same smile?)
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Term
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Definition
1. links the subject with a modifier
2. form of to be-is, are, was, were
3. shows a feeling or state of being
4. followed by a noun or predicate adjective
5. can also be words like smell, sounds, appear, taste |
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Term
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Definition
1. if a singular noun does not end in s then add 's
2. if a common noun ends in s, add 's, unless the next word begins with an s.
-the boss's evaluation, the boss's swag.
3. if a singular popular noun ends in s add only an apostrophe
-Clinton's book deal. Paris' night life.
4.if a noun is plural only add an apostrophe, even if intended meaning is singular.
-measle's misery
5. if a plural noun does not end in s then add an apostrophe
-media, children
p. 94-96 |
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Term
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Definition
1. used to indicate the possesive case and merge a subject
2. create a contraction |
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Term
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Definition
1.modify nouns and some pronouns
2. decrpitive-add detail and decription
3. limiting-sets boundaries and limits meaning like (how much, which one
4. Three degree: base(smart and beautiful), comparitive (more -er, superlative (most -er)
5. predicate adjectives-follow a linking verb and modify the subject |
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Term
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Definition
1. modify a verb
-the fire raced feverishly
2.modify an adjective
-My latte is really hot!
3. modify another verb
-very badly
4. introduce a sentence
-why do fools fall in love
5. connect two clauses
6. end -ly
-only i love
7. can indicate a comparison between two units
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Term
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Definition
singular, plural
1. alumna, alumnae
2. antenna, antennae
3. alumnus, alumni
4. cactus, cacti
5. datum, data
6. medium, media
7. curriculum, curricula
8. phenomenon, phenomena
9. criterion, criteria |
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Term
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Definition
1) Use a comma to separate two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction
(2) Use a comma to set off long introductory clauses and phrases:
3) Use commas to set off nonrestrictive (also called nonessential) clauses, phrases and modifier
(4) Commas and items in a series
■She ate 10 hot dogs, six hamburgers, seven deviled eggs and 11 cookies.
○(5) commas and coordinate adjectives
■Use a comma to separate adjectives of equal weight (coordinate adjectives)
■To test for equal weight, try these tests:
●Reverse the order of the adjectives
■Unequal adjectives don’t use commas
●It was a warm summer day
○Test 1: It was a warm and summer day
○Test 2: It was a summer and warm day.
○(6) Commas and parenthetical expressions
■Use commas with parenthetical expressions, which are groups of words that
could be enclosed in parentheses. They represent an aside.
○(7) Use a comma to set off participial phrases that modify some part of an
■Sarah, having forgotten her keys, broke into her own apartment.
○(8) Use commas in direct address:
○(9) Use a comma to separate a city from its state and a data from its year:
■He was born July 4, 1995, in Columbus, Ohio, in a car as his...
○(10) Always use commas INSIDE quotation marks.
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Term
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Definition
- To separate independent clauses without also using a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
- To separate a compound predicate (where two verbs share a subject)
- To introduce a subordinate (dependent clause) at the end of a sentence.
- But do use a comma if the subordinate clause is at the beginning
- To separate a subject from its predicate (noun from its verb)
- To separate a noun or pronoun from its reflexive (self pronouns):
- I myself wouldn’t be caught dead in that dress.
- To precede a partial quotation
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Term
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Definition
| accordingly, consequently, however, moreover, therefore, nevertheless, |
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Term
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Definition
- To separate independent clauses without also using a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
- To separate a compound predicate (where two verbs share a subject)
- To introduce a subordinate (dependent clause) at the end of a sentence.
- But do use a comma if the subordinate clause is at the beginning
- To separate a subject from its predicate (noun from its verb)
- To separate a noun or pronoun from its reflexive (self pronouns):
- I myself wouldn’t be caught dead in that dress.
- To precede a partial quotation
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Term
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Definition
use the possesive case when a personal pronoun modifies a gerund.
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Term
case and pronouns
memorize the chart |
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Definition
1. the number
2. subjects before "along with"
3. diseases
4. measurements
5. food (bacon and eggs, mashed tatos and gravy)
6. |
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Term
plurals
certain indefinite that are always plural |
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Definition
1. both, many, few, several
2. any number
3. foreign plurals without s (media, data, criteria, alumni (ae), memoranda, phenomena, )
4. |
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Term
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Definition
EXAMPLES
Either the students or the teacher (plan/Plans) to be there.
The students, along with...teacher, plans to be there. |
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Term
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Definition
1. between independent clauses with FANBOY conjunctions
2. Direct adress ( Go home lassie, and eat your dinner)
3. Because:
c-Because I could not swim, I refused to go into the water.
nc- I did not go into the water because I could not swim.
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Term
MORE
commas and quotations
(class)
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Definition
"Go to class," the teacher said. "This is important."
The teacher said go to class.-indirect
use a comma with direct
do not with indirect or if you have only part of a quotation. |
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Term
| essential and non essential clauses |
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Definition
that=essential clauses/ phrases no comma
which=non essential -you need a comma
-The cars that were damaged by the storm were towed.
-The cars, which were damaged by the storm, were towed. |
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Term
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Definition
1. principal-head of, main amount, important
/ principle-beliefs, standards, ethics
2. farther- physical distance, further- time, consideration
3. less than-you cannot count
4. fewer than- you can count.
5. under/over - has to do with space
6. more-items ( dont have to count)
7. then- time sequence
than-
8. freshman(s) / freshmen (p)
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