Term
| gram neg, kidney bean shaped diplococci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| only pathogenic gram negative cocci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| virulence factors of Neisseria meningitidies |
|
Definition
-capsule (reduces phagocytic uptake)
-outer membrane (potent inducer of skin rash, inflammation, and shock)
-endotoxins |
|
|
Term
| reservoir for Neisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transmission of Neisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What populations are especially susceptible to getting meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis? |
|
Definition
-<1 year of age (6 months-2 years)
-army recruits, close quarters (schools, dorms)
-at risk if have asplenia or functional asplenia |
|
|
Term
| What do the meninges look like in a person infected with Neisseria meninitidis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sepsis due to Neisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute onset of fever, rash, joint/muscle pian, and petechial rash caused by Neisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
-gram negative septic shock
-hypotension
-petechial skin lesions
-bilateral adrenal hemorrhage
-disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) |
|
Definition
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
(caused by Neisseria meningitidis) |
|
|
Term
| laboratory identification of Neisseria meningitidis |
|
Definition
-gram stain (gram neg diplococci)
-capsular antigen
-culture |
|
|
Term
| What type of cultures can be done to identify Neisseria meningitidis? |
|
Definition
blood, CSF, or petechial skin scrapings
VERY fastidious (need special culture) |
|
|
Term
| What type of special media does Neisseria meningitidis require? |
|
Definition
-blood agar
-chocolate agar (heated blood agar)
-Thayer Martin VCN media |
|
|
Term
| What promotes the growth of Neisseria meningitidis in the lab? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With Thayer Martin VCN media, what does the vancomycin do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With Thayer Martin VCN media, what does the colistin do? |
|
Definition
| kills other gram negatives |
|
|
Term
| With Thayer Martin VCN media, what does the nystatin do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| virulence factors for Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
|
Definition
-pili for attachment to mucosal cells
-changing antigens in hypervariable regions prevent immunity to re-infection and vaccine protection; impend phagocytosis
-IgA protease
-endotoxin |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of gonorrhea in males |
|
Definition
urethritis or epididymitis
purulent discharge from penis
anorectal lesions
pharyngitis |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of gonorrhea in females |
|
Definition
-asymptomatic more than symptomatic
-endocervicitis, PID
-anorectal lesions
-pharyngitis |
|
|
Term
| complications of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection |
|
Definition
sterility
ectopic pregnancy
abscesses
peritonitis
Fristz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
septic arthritis |
|
|
Term
| infantile Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection |
|
Definition
ophthalmia neonatroium
(hyperpurulent ophthalmia) |
|
|
Term
| Aside from the 3 special media used to identify Neisseria, what other kind of test should be submitted if gonorrhea is suspected? |
|
Definition
molecular amplification technique
(also for Chlamydia) |
|
|
Term
| CSF findings in bacterial/fungal meningitis |
|
Definition
neutrophils
decreased glucose
increased protein |
|
|
Term
| CSF findings in viral meningitis |
|
Definition
neutrophils (first 24-48 hours), then lymphocytes/monocytes
normal glucose
increased protein |
|
|
