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Grade 12 - Unit 12
Psychological Treatments
44
Psychology
12th Grade
05/02/2014

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Cards

Term
psychodynamic approach
Definition
psychological problems are caused by the interaction between the three parts of the personality (id, superego, ego)
Term
id
Definition

the childish impulsive part of your personality

ex: impulsive

Term
super ego
Definition

the mature part of your personality concerned with long term decision making

ex: cautious

Term
ego
Definition

the part of your personality that works as a mediator

ex: compromise

Term
dream analysis
Definition
study in order to figure out what kinds of internal conflicts are going on in people's unconscious mind
Term
free association
Definition

A psychoanalytic technique first developed by Sigmund Freud and still used by some therapists today that invites patients to relate whatever thoughts come to mind, without censorship or embarrassment, in order for the therapist and patient to learn more about how the patient thinks and feels.

 
Term
transference
Definition
beginning to think of the therapist as someone else important in your life
Term
resistance
Definition
interfering with treatment just as it gets close to revealing a hidden inner conflict
Term
catharsis
Definition
the release of tension a patient undergoes when they identify and solve their inner conflicts
Term
self defeating assumptions
Definition
assume that your difficulties mean something negative about you as a person, which you are focusing on instead of working to improve the situation
Term
Aaron Beck
Definition
He is regarded as the father of cognitive therapy, and his pioneering theories are widely used in the treatment of clinical depression.
Term
Albert Elis
Definition
This man believed that it is our interpretation of events (irrational beliefs) that leads to psychological distress.
Term
rational emotive therapy
Definition
In this form of psychotherapy, the therapist helps the client identify and dispute irrational beliefs. The goal is to help people become aware of their thoughts and change how they think about and respond to various situations.
Term
Joseph Wolpe
Definition
was a South African psychiatrist, one of the most influential figures in Behavior Therapy. Mainly intended for specific negative behaviros such as phobias
Term
Exposure Therapy
Definition
a specific stressful object is exposed in slow steps
Term
systematic desentization
Definition
  1. a treatment for phobias in which the patient is exposed to progressively more anxiety-provoking stimuli and taught relaxation techniques.
Term
flooding
Definition
the patient is suddenly exposed to a stessful object while in the controlled, calm environment of therapy
Term
aversion therapy
Definition
therapy that is usually used for behaviors like substance abuse and overeating, as well as sexual deviance. The therapist pairs unpleasant stimuli, like violent images or bad smells, with the behavior he's trying to eliminate in an effort to make the patient no longer enjoy that behavior.
Term
social skills training
Definition
is a form of behavior therapy used by teachers, therapists, and trainers to help persons who have difficulties relating to other people.

Read more: http://www.minddisorders.com/Py-Z/Social-skills-training.html#b#ixzz30Zf7eErL
Term
Carl Rogers
Definition
was one of the most influential psychologists of modern times, and is well known for his humanistic approach and the creation of Client-Centered Therapy, also known as Person-Centered Therapy

Read more: http://www.alleydog.com/glossary/definition.php?term=Carl+Rogers#ixzz30ZfPCQY2
Term
active listening
Definition
a communication technique used in counselling, training and conflict resolution, which requires the listener to feed back what they hear to the speaker, by way of re-stating or paraphrasing what they have heard in their own words, to confirm what they have heard and moreover
Term
unconditional postive regard
Definition
making it clear to patients in therapy that the therapist is on the patient's side. this helps the patient feel more comfortable discussing problems and solutions
Term
family therapy
Definition
type of therapy where a therapist will see more than one family member at a time
Term
group therapy
Definition
  1. a form of psychotherapy in which a group of patients meet to describe and discuss their problems together under the supervision of a therapist.
Term

couples therapy

Definition
  1. is a type of psychotherapy that helps marriages of all types recognize and resolve conflicts and improve their relationships. Also known as marriage/relationship counseling
Term
support group
Definition

a group of people who are available to support one another emotionally, socially, and sometimes financially. They do without the therapist group leader. Instead embers share their experiences and help each other work through problems


Examples: marijuanna anonymous

Term
Psychiatric Medications
Definition
These type of medications were found to improve mental functioning by changing brain chemistry in a variety of ways.
Term
antidepressants
Definition
this type of medication changes the levels of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin which affect emotion and mood
Term
MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors) Tricyclics
Definition
This specific type of antidepressant raises both norepinephrine and serotonin levels. Has the "worst side effects" - patients must avoid food with tyramine (beer, cheeses, cured meats)
Term
SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
Definition
This specific type of antidepressant raises only the level of serotonin in the brain. Causes lack of sexual desire and erectile dysfunction
Term
antipsychotics
Definition
type of medication that reduces the activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine
Term
dopamine
Definition
the neurotransmitter that regulates pleasure seeking behavior
Term
Positive Symptoms
Definition
 
  • hallucinations and delusionsrelation in relation to schizophrenia
  • Can be helped by psychotic drugs

 

Term
Negative Symptoms
Definition
  • Blunted emotions and loss of pleasure in relation to schizophrenia
  • Can be helped by atypical antipsychotic drugs
Term
Tardive Dyskinesia
Definition
a side effect of psychotic drugs that is a permanent neurological condition that causes involuntary movements. This condition will remain even after treatment stops
Term
lithium
Definition
  • psychiatric medication that most commonly treats bipolar disorder
  • it's an element on the periodic table, and when it's used to treat psychological disorder it's given in the form of a 'salt,' or a kind of chemical compound that includes the element. 
  • Though it is an effective mood stabilizer, the way it works in the brain is still unclear to many psychologists.
  •  Treatment with this medication also requires careful monitoring, since the active dose is only slightly less than a toxic dose
Term
Electroconvulsive therapy, abbreviated ECT
Definition
treatment that became popular in the 1940's as a treatment for nonresponsive patients of many psychological disorders, including depression and schizophrenia
Term
Insulin Shock Therapy
Definition
treatment used to treat schizophrenia in the 1930's-50's. Patients would receive doses of insulin, a hormone which you may associate with diabetics. The dose would be high enough to put them into a coma. Doctors would carefully monitor the patients' comas, then eventually revive them.
Term
psychosurgery
Definition
the practice of physically altering the human brain in order to bring about psychological results. An attempt to remove or disable a 'sick' part of the brain so that overall mental health is improved.
Term
lobotomy
Definition
procedure where the frontal lobes of the brain are removed in an effort to control the violent and unpredictable symptoms of the severely mentally ill.
Term
effective
Definition
successful in producing a desired or intended result.
Term
treatment effectiveness
Definition
the patient's own impression of wellness, the therapist's impression, and some controlled research studies all measure this
Term
Regression to the Mean (average)
Definition
when people have a tendency to move toward an average level of functioning or happiness from whatever state they are in
Term
availability heuristic.
Definition
when therapy is finished, the therapist may continue to hear from patients who are doing well, but not from patients who are dissatisfied; because therapists are reminded only of the positive results, they overestimate how often their patients have positive results
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