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GPSYC 101 JMU CHAPTER 7
Chapter 7
33
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/02/2007

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Term
Cognition:
Definition
o Memory
o Thinking, thought processes (conscious & non-conscious)
o Information processing: one can see how we think with a computer model
o Concept formation, schemas
o Mental imagery, language
o Attention, perception
o Intelligence, creativity
o Reasoning, decision making, problem solving
Term
What is problem solving
Definition
overcoming an obstacle to obtain a goal
Term
Algorithm:
Definition
specific program to solve problem
Term
Heuristic:
Definition
no specific set of procedures
Term
Functional fixedness
Definition
unable to use an object other than what they
were intended for
Term
Decision Making
Definition
choosing between alternatives, without any obstacles
Term
Decision making heuristics
• Availability:
Definition
how available are examples
Term
Decision making heuristics
Representativeness:
Definition
how typical an example is
Term
Anchoring:
Definition
leading info that pulls decision toward
Term
Deductive reasoning:
Definition
a form of reasoning in which a conclusion
follows necessarily from certain premises; if the premises are true,
the conclusion must be true
Term
Inductive Reasoning
Definition
a form of reasoning in which the premises
provide support for a conclusion, but it is still possible for a
conclusion to be false
Term
Dialectical reasoning:
Definition
looking at both sides
Term
Confirmation bias
Definition
support info that confirms opinion & ignore other info
Term
Framing effect
Definition
way info is presented to you in order to create a certain
VIew
Term
Cognitive dissonance
Definition
buyers remorse
Term
What is Intelligence?
Definition
Defined as knowledge, skills, and ability to adapt to changing environments in order to survive; is multi-faceted
Term
IQ =
Definition
intelligence quota
Mental age I chronological age * 100
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic theory
Definition
3 interdependent components or areas of intelligence
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic theory

Componential:
Definition
analytic, Comparing, analyzing, and evaluating
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic theory

Experiential:
Definition
Creative
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic theory

Experiential:
Definition
Creative
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic theory

Experiential:
Definition
Creative, Creative solutions to new problems
Term
Sternberg's Triarchic theory

Contextual: practical
Definition
Using or applying the things you know in
everyday contexts
Term
Gardner's theory of intelligence:
Definition
can be a genius in just one category of sternbers Triarchic theory
Term
Logical-
Definition
analytic
Term
Spatial
Definition
navigate thru environment
Term
Kinesthetic
Definition
alter path in real time
Term
Interpersonal-
Definition
how well you can interact wi people
Term
Intrapersonal
Definition
how well you know yourself
Term
Creativity
Definition
Being creative is being unusual, doing things differently from
others in your peer group, as long as these behaviors aren't
maladaptive

Creativity not highly correlated with intelligence
Term
Language:
Definition
specific form of communication that conveys meaning about:
things not physically present, events in the past and future, abstract ideas
Term
Language...

Infinite generativity
Definition
ability to generate an infinite number of ideas
from a finite number of abstract symbols and rules for combining
them
Term
Linguistic relativity:
Definition
language you learn affects how you think
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