Term
|
Definition
| the detection of physical energy from the external environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the process by which the brain organizes and interprets sensory
information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
o Vision (sight)
o Audition (hearing)
o Gustation (taste)
o Olfaction (smell)
o Tactile senses (touch)
• Pressure
• Temperature
• Pain
• Kinesthetic sense (movement)
• Vestibular sense (balance) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brain can interpret figure in two different ways |
|
|
Term
| Bottom-up processing (sensation) |
|
Definition
Begins with the sense receptors and works up to the brain's integration of
sensory information |
|
|
Term
| Top-down Processing (perception) |
|
Definition
o Information guided by higher-level mental processes
o Dependent on our experience and expectations |
|
|
Term
| How sensation works...Sense receptors |
|
Definition
specialized neurons that convert physical energy from the
environment into electrical energy in the nervous system by the process of
transduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The smallest quantity of physical energy that can be reliably
detected by an observer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The smallest difference between 2 stimuli that can be reliably
detected by an observer; also called Just Noticeable Difference
(JND |
|
|
Term
| Spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
neurons at the back of the eyeball's interior which contains the
receptors for vision (photoreceptors) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Visual receptors that respond to dim light; located away from the
fovea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual receptors that respond to colors; located mostly in fovea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a theory of color perception that proposes
three mechanisms in the visual system, each sensitive to a certain
range of wave lengths; their interaction is assumed to produce all
the different experiences of hue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Theory: a theory of color perception that
assumes that the visual system treats pairs of colors as opposing or
antagonistic |
|
|
Term
Types of color mixing
• Subtractive |
|
Definition
mixing pigments (the more pigments added the
darker the color) |
|
|
Term
| Primary colors of pigment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Types of color mixing
Additive |
|
Definition
mixing lights (the more lights added the lighter the
color) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the dimension of auditory experience related to the
intensity of a pressure wave |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the dimension of auditory experience related to the
frequency of a pressure wave, it is related to the height or depth of
a tone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the distinguishing quality of a sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bumps on the tongue that contain the taste buds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Gate - Control Theory |
|
Definition
if the gate is open then the pain impulse
reaches the brain; if the gate is closed pain impulses do not reach brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the sense of body position and movement of body parts; also
called kinesthesia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the sense of balance; controlled within the semicircular
canals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
principles that describe the brains organization
of sensory information into meaningful units and patterns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
things that are close together are perceived as
belonging together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar things are perceived as being related |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lines and patterns tend to be perceived as
continuing in time and space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the brain tends to fill in gaps in order to perceive
complete forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
visual cues to depth or distance that can be used
by one eye alone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual cues to depth or distance requiring two eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the turning inward of the eyes which occurs
when they focus on a nearby object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the slight difference in lateral separation
between two objects as seen by the left eye and the right
eye |
|
|
