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Government
RG 12 (selective)
28
Other
12th Grade
04/27/2009

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Cards

Term
Administrative discretion
Definition
authority of administrative actors to select among various responses to a given problem
Term
Appropriations bill
Definition
Congressional funding of programs within limits established by authorization bills and covers usually one year. This bill is what actually makes the program work and is necessary
Term
Authorization bill
Definition
act of Congress that establishes, continues, or changes a discretionary government program or an entitlement. It specifies program goals and maximum expenditures for discretionary programs
Term
How many members are in the cabinet today?
Definition
13 secretaries and attorney general
Term
Continuing resolutions
Definition
If Congress is unable to reach agreement on appropriations bills, these resolutions allow agencies to spend at the level of the previous year
Term
Council of Economic Advisors
Definition
(CEA) a three-member body appointed by the president to advise the president on economic policy
Term
Deregulation
Definition
lifting of restrictions on economic activities for which government rules had been established and that bureaucracies had been created to administer
Term
Entitlements
Definition
policies for which expenditures are uncontrollable due to the obligation Congress has towards maintaining the programs and receipients
Term
Executive orders
Definition
orders with the effect of law (Presidential power)
Term
Incrementalism
Definition
belief that the best predictor of this year's budget is last year's budget plus a little more
Term
Medicaid
Definition
public assistance program designed to provide health care for poor Americans. Funded by both states and national government
Term
Medicare
Definition
program added to the Social Security system that provides hospitalization insurance for the elderly and permits older Americans to purchase inexpensive coverage for doctor fees and other expenses
Term
National Security Council
Definition
coordinates the president's foreign and military policy advisors. managed by president's national security advisor
Term
Office of Management & Budget
Definition
(OMB) office that grew out of the Bureau of the Budget and responsible for informing the president on financial status
Term
Pendleton Act
Definition
creates a federal civil service sot hat hiring and promotion would be based on merit rather than patronage
Term
What does policy implementation involve in?
Definition
translating the goals and objectives of a policy into n operating, ongoing program
Term
Regulation
Definition
use of governmental authority to control or change some practice in the private sector
Term
16th Amendment
Definition
(1915) explicitly permitted Congress to levy an income tax
Term
25th Amendment
Definition
(1951) permits vice president to become acting president if president is determined to be disabled. Also outlines how the recuperated president can reclaim the job
Term
22nd Amendment
Definition
(1951) presidents can only serve two terms of office
Term
Social Security
Definition
(1935) passed during the Great Depression and intended to provide a minimal level of sustenance to older Americans and save them from poverty
Term
Standard operating procedure
Definition
(SOPs) used to bring uniformity to complex organizations. Often outdated or simply not practiced
Term
Wars Powers Resolution
Definition
(1973) a reaction to Americans fighting in Vietnam and Cambodia. Requires presidents to consult with Congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless Congress declares war or grants an extension. Seen by presidents as unconstitutional
Term
Watergate
Definition
(1972) Events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters, and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement leading to President Nixon's eventual resignation
Term
List seven "perks" members of Congress receive.
Definition
4x salary of typical American family. Generous retirement benefits. Office space in Washington and their constituencies. Substantial congressional staff who serve individual members, committees, and party leaders. Handsome travel allowances to see their constituents each year and opportunities to travel at low fares or even free to foreign nations on congressional inquiries (junkets). Franking privileges (free mail and machine to duplicate member's signature). Plenty of small privileges (free flowers, research services, exercise rooms, etc.)
Term
What is one criticism for term limitation?
Definition
Loss of experienced legislators and of the American people's ability to vote for whomever they please
Term
Identify four types of Congressional committees.
Definition
Standing committees. Joint committees. Conference committees. Select committees
Term
In what ways can Congress frustrate activities of lobbyists?
Definition
Congress can ignore, and embarrass lobbyists, expose heavy-handed tactics, spread the word among an organization's members that is is being poorly represented in Washington, and regulate the lobbyists
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