Term
| Traditional conservatism sees need for? |
|
Definition
| authority and control in society |
|
|
Term
Wealthier and more powerful classes
have an obligation to? |
|
Definition
provide protection
for the less fortunatet |
|
|
Term
| Laissez-faire stresses importance of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Traditional and Laissez-faire
Conservatism Advocates limits on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Traditional and Laissez-faire
Conservatism Sees less value in? as? |
|
Definition
social obligations or
role of tradition as behavioral guideUª‡j |
|
|
Term
| Laissez-faire has been an? |
|
Definition
important
component of conservatism in the USJ² |
|
|
Term
| Laissez-faire relies on individual? |
|
Definition
rationality
& self-interest to justify its positions/pj |
|
|
Term
Laissez-faire (or classical liberalism)
and Traditional Conservatism: Traditional defines rationality in terms of? |
|
Definition
practices, customs, & traditions that have
evolved over timeÍÞ; |
|
|
Term
| Traditional stresses need to limit, imag |
|
Definition
| disruptive effects of individual self-interest=( |
|
|
Term
Laissez-faire (or classical liberalism)
and Traditional Conservatism: Both oppose? |
|
Definition
extensive governmental
intervention in society( |
|
|
Term
| Traditional conservatives prefer to rely on |
|
Definition
| tradition for social order-xbitm |
|
|
Term
| Classical liberals rely on-xbitm |
|
Definition
individual selfinterest
and laws of economy |
|
|
Term
Neither Laissez-faire (or classical liberalism)
and Traditional Conservatism sees government as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Laissez-faire (or classical liberalism)
and Traditional Conservatism: Both are opposed to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Europeans, with their feudal heritage,
have not been comfortable with[ |
|
Definition
individualistic political theories or an
emphasis on personal responsibility |
|
|
Term
Conservatives in England and Prussia
were first to develop |
|
Definition
social programs to
help working classes |
|
|
Term
| First modern conservative thinker was? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tory (Conservative) leader in Parliament- He saw? |
|
Definition
social experiments as
threatening |
|
|
Term
| Edmund Burke saw Reliance on human rationality as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Edmund Burke, Stressed need for? |
|
Definition
social stability as aid
for both rich and poor, gradual change? |
|
|
Term
| Edmund Burke, Temporary self-interest mattered less than? |
|
Definition
| permanent, long term intereststm |
|
|
Term
| who was the Author of The Conservative Mind? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who was one of the best known traditional conservatives and inspired by edmund burke? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the six tenets of traditional conservatism: by Russell Kirk (1918-1994) |
|
Definition
1. Belief in transcendent values
2. Support for variety & “mystery” of life
3. Belief that social classes are natural
4. Belief in private property
5. Emotion checked by tradition & custom
6. Suspicion of rapid change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who was Not often seen as traditional conservative? |
|
Definition
| Walter Lippmann (1889-1974)xbitm |
|
|
Term
| As he matured, Lippmann? (7 things) |
|
Definition
1. He saw merit of wisdom & experience 2. Distrusted wisdom of masses 3. Often agreed with Russell Kirk 4. Saw leaders as tied to whims of masses 5. Wanted to limit influence of public opinion 6. Stressed civic responsibility 7. Public philosophy should reflect itwo |
|
|
Term
Classical Liberalism/
Laissez-faire Conservatism stresses? |
|
Definition
| limited government & individualism |
|
|
Term
| Welfare state liberalism drove•? |
|
Definition
classical
liberalism toward the conservativesJ² |
|
|
Term
| European socialists forced a union ofmag |
|
Definition
iberal and
conservative parties |
|
|
Term
| Classical liberals were alienated by the |
|
Definition
New
Deal and the Great Societym |
|
|
Term
| All laissez-faire conservatives support? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Classical Liberalism/
Laissez-faire Conservatism: They are confident in ability of |
|
Definition
individuals to
generate wealthf |
|
|
Term
Classical Liberalism/
Laissez-faire Conservatism: They define freedom in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Classical Liberalism/
Laissez-faire Conservatism: sought? |
|
Definition
| Freedom from government regulation |
|
|
Term
Classical Liberalism/
Laissez-faire Conservatism: The support OF? AND? |
|
Definition
strong national defense and
oppose communism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robert Nozick had a Theoretical alternative to? |
|
Definition
Welfare state & social
Interventionimag |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who was the Author of The Road to Serfdomitm? |
|
Definition
| Friedrich A. Hayek (1899-1992)tm |
|
|
Term
| Friedrich A. Hayek (1899-1992) Rejected? as? |
|
Definition
economic planning
.. Seen as step toward
totalitarianism—˜ôÑê´ |
|
|
Term
| Friedrich A. Hayek (1899-1992) No freedom without |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Modern Conservatism: Social scientists either? seeing it as? |
|
Definition
attack or ignore
conservatism, seeing it as “unscientific”éšuÞ |
|
|
Term
| Conservative is a force for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innovative ideas about government now come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Modern Conservatism: Increasing power of? advances? |
|
Definition
religious groups advances
conservatism |
|
|
Term
| Modern Conservatism: Edward Banfield’s The Friedrich A. Hayek (1899-1992)unheavenly City Revisited |
|
Definition
(1970) challenged Great
Society assumptions. |
|
|
Term
| Banfield sought more realistic views of the? |
|
Definition
| poor as a tool for more effective policies |
|
|
Term
| Modern Conservatism: William F. Buckley, Jr. sparked |
|
Definition
| modern conservative movement.edm |
|
|
Term
| William F. Buckley, Jr. In 1955 he started? |
|
Definition
he started National
Review — at the age of 29. |
|
|
Term
| William F. Buckley, Jr. wrote? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| William F. Buckley, Jr. united? |
|
Definition
anti-Communists,
traditionalists, constitutionalists,
and enthusiasts for free market
together under conservative
banner.± |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| continuous citizen feedback |
|
|
Term
| Politicians closely follow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Survey research may include things such ast |
|
Definition
| automobile ownership or sleeping habitsg |
|
|
Term
Surveys of poverty in London in the 1880s
are cited asj |
|
Definition
| first modern social surveysxbitm |
|
|
Term
| Reformers needed data about |
|
Definition
conditions
they wanted to alleviateimag |
|
|
Term
| Governments began social research in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1930s: During the New Deal, governmentag |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| .. 1935: Elmo Roper sold polls top, imag |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After World War 2:Candidates began to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| World War 2: Candidates could be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After World War 2: both? used? |
|
Definition
national and local
used polls |
|
|
Term
| Two kinds of respondent data are? |
|
Definition
(a) factual
matters such as number of TVs and (b)
respondent attitudes toward candidates,
issues, or products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Number of books read in a year is
an example |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
This would be assessment of how
you felt about reading books, for example,
very enthusiastic or not enthusiasticocumen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
This would be your choice of
books, for example, fiction or non-fiction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
referred to as bell curve,
this is supposed to be normal distribution in
matters such as grades |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
these are supposed to be
representative if no group is systematically
misrepresentedio |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
expressed in terms of a
percentage such as “95% likely” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Depending on sample size,
this might be stated as “plus or minus 5%”. If
a survey shows a candidate’s support at
15%, this would mean his real level of
support could be as high as 20% or as low
as 10%363 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
This is how you find
respondents. Literary Digest used phone
book in 1936uufxV |
|
|
Term
| The Literary Digest was an? |
|
Definition
influential magazine in
1936.tm |
|
|
Term
| The Literary Digest Later merged with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When Literary Digest
polls 2.4 million voters, they used a sample
of people who had telephones and cars. The
survey predicted a major victory for Alf
Landon over President Rooseveltckwave- |
|
|
Term
| .. Limited population groups:itm |
|
Definition
important to avoid
excessive reliance on one group of people] d |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
face to face, telephone, or
mail surveys, for example |
|
|
Term
| Degree of respondent interest/knowledge? |
|
Definition
people may want to please interviewer or
claim more knowledge than they have |
|
|
Term
Political revolutions are sparked by a
belief that? |
|
Definition
existing institutions do not
meet the problems faced by society |
|
|
Term
Revolutions of 1848
.. The starting point for these revolutions was? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The French Revolution is the? |
|
Definition
the most widely
discussed of this period.t |
|
|
Term
..In February of 1848 the French monarchy
was replaced by the.Ê |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1851, Louis Napoleon led a coup that? |
|
Definition
dissolved the National Assembly and
proclaimed creation of the Second Empire.e |
|
|
Term
Universal male suffrage
Abolition of slavery: |
|
Definition
Right to work
Workshops for the
unemployed
An industrial parliamenton |
|
|
Term
Bourgeois reformers and radical politicians
were trying to? |
|
Definition
| change their governments. |
|
|
Term
| Technological change was creating newmag |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A popular press was generating? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Europe’s Revolutionary Environmentalismg
New ideas such as?
were gaining acceptance: |
|
Definition
liberalism, nationalism,
and socialismg |
|
|
Term
| The Revolutionary Spark: 4 things ? |
|
Definition
Economic problems
..Devastating crop failures
..Peasants and poor working class
members were facing starvation.
..Russia and the United Kingdom
missed the spark of revolution.a |
|
|
Term
| Consequences of 1848 Revolutions?4? |
|
Definition
Ten years after the revolutions little
had changed.
..Many historians see them as failures.
..Yet both Germany and Italy were
unified after twenty years.
..Austria and Prussia eliminated
feudalism by 1850 and peasants’ lives
were improved.ms |
|
|
Term
| The Mexican revolution began in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The initial period of armed conflict
ended with the overthrow of |
|
Definition
| Porfirio Diaz Mori in 1914.xbitm |
|
|
Term
Emilio Zapata helped the peasant
class take back their land by?
organizing a.e |
|
Definition
guerrilla force that
fought against Diaz |
|
|
Term
| In 1917, Mexico adopted its current? |
|
Definition
current
constitution, an event marking the
official end of the Revolution a.e |
|
|
Term
| Russia had two revolutions in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Russian Revolutions:
In February the monarchy was overthrown
by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Russian Revolutions: in october who over threw the democratic forces?
This led to creation of the? |
|
Definition
the Bolsheviks
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics which collapsed in 1991 |
|
|
Term
| Cuban Revolution: This began with Fidel Castro’s? |
|
Definition
guerrilla war
against the Batista government. |
|
|
Term
| .. In 1959, Castro’s forces?` |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Cuban revolution is regarded as ? |
|
Definition
“real”, unlike
the traditional Latin American revolutions,
because major political forces were destroyed.ducts |
|
|
Term
| In order to attract Soviet support, Castro eventually? |
|
Definition
| proclaimed himself a communist. |
|
|
Term
Cuba emerged as an outpost
of? |
|
Definition
Soviet power in the
Western Hemisphere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
With Che Guevarra,he
attempted to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Hugo Chavez began
this revolution with a?
against? yr? |
|
Definition
military coup against
Venezuelan democracy
created in 1958.¦ÈF |
|
|
Term
| .. In 1992, Hugo Chavezwas sent to? following? |
|
Definition
prison following his
second unsuccessful
coup. |
|
|
Term
| Venezuelan Revolution: hugo chavez gain power in? by? |
|
Definition
| 1998 by promising reforms |
|
|
Term
| hugo chavez has attacked? |
|
Definition
| the oil industry and the church |
|
|
Term
Human rights condition in Venezuela are the worst since before?
Venezuela today is like? in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Orange Revolution of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two contrary visions of future culture:? |
|
Definition
| George Orwell and Aldous Huxleym |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
externally imposed
oppression. |
|
|
Term
Huxley sees a future culture in which people
will love theirøŒ„ |
|
Definition
oppression and adore
technologies that limit the capacity to think |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
there would be no reason to
ban booksag |
|
|
Term
| Orwell feared those who woulditm |
|
Definition
deprive us of
informationulditm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
truth buried in a flood of
irrelevance |
|
|
Term
| Orwell feared we would become? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trivialization of culture.. Man has an infinite appetite for distractions |
|
|
Term
| Orwell saw people controlled by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Huxley feared we would be controlled byg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: Harsh climate dictated the? |
|
Definition
way of life for
nomadic tribes. |
|
|
Term
| way of life for nomadic tribes included? |
|
Definition
dress, methods of warfare, family
structure, & way of getting waterr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Before Islam, in the flat, unsheltered desert,
people had to? |
|
Definition
| to wear had cover for protection. |
|
|
Term
| Bedouins crowded around the wells & such conditions required? |
|
Definition
| regulated social environmentbitm |
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture, A woman’s clothes were her? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: The Prophet said to his wivesatm |
|
Definition
“You are allowed
to go out to answer the call of nature.”x¦NÏá. |
|
|
Term
| Clothing was the woman’s boundary in a? |
|
Definition
tribe
that allowed minimal privacy. aag |
|
|
Term
| Men also adapted to the environment by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture:Scarcity of water & other resources resulted in? |
|
Definition
| primal struggle for survival...This required absolute obedience to the tribe |
|
|
Term
| what did Bedouins use for cleaning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: what was routinely used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tribal system rewarded young males whoag |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: what was glorified? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: what was the Dual justice system? |
|
Definition
| one for tribe & another for others, imag |
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture:The Christian Golden Rule was and is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: Use of women to reward heroes was part of |
|
Definition
Arab tribal
culture before Mohammedt |
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture:Males & females accepted and wanted to preserve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Arabian Desert Culture:While the desert was harsh, it protected Arab
independence because |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: Christianity threatened institution of? and would |
|
Definition
polygamy & would
have meant revolution in sexual life of Arabian male63 |
|
|
Term
| Arabian Desert Culture: Mohammed personally benefitted from? |
|
Definition
raiding & plunder
and wanted to preserve this system.pj |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Attitudes, values, beliefs shared
by the greater majority of people within a
societyio |
|
|
Term
| what is Political culture? |
|
Definition
Attitudes, values,
beliefs that people have about politicsçˆö\ |
|
|
Term
| What is political culture?...definition? |
|
Definition
A widely shared set of “cognitions,
perceptions, evaluations, attitudes and
behavioral predispositions” that permit the members of that polity to “order and interpret political institutions and processes, and their own relationships with such institutions and processes. |
|
|
Term
| Why care about political culture? ..Importance: |
|
Definition
Influences how people behave politically
.. determines effectiveness and stability
.. Has both domestic and international impact PD? |
|
|
Term
| Political Culture: ...Major dimensions(5) |
|
Definition
.. National identity
.. View of membership in polity
.. View of fellow citizens
.. View of governmental performance
.. Persistence: Post-Soviet man |
|
|
Term
| Political Culture:Significant in the development of:(4) |
|
Definition
.. Regime legitimacy
.. Popular behavior
..Social integration
.. Regime stabilityatio |
|
|
Term
| Political Culture: .. Identification with the regimep, imag |
|
Definition
| Conversely, alienation from the regimeag |
|
|
Term
| Political Culture: .. The “civic culture”: |
|
Definition
.. parochialism
.. Avoiding ethnocentrism, stereotyping |
|
|
Term
| Cultural differencese”:.. Sub nationals |
|
Definition
.. Ethnicity, Race
..Positive results
..Negative results
.. Religion
.. Unity or disunity? |
|
|
Term
| Cultural Differencese”: .. Huntington’s “Clash of Civilizations”(4) |
|
Definition
.. Cultural differences the greatest threat to
global stability and peace
.. Western cultural images of a “good” society
do not necessarily match those of other
cultures
.. A new phase of conflict
.. The next world war?3289 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
.. Group identity
.. Religious differences
.. Important differences
.. Between religions (Islam vs. Christianity)
.. Within religions (Sunni vs. Shia)
.. The stakesfUuufxV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
.. Answers basic questions about human
beings and the universe
.. Provides rules to live by
.. Identifies special role for group or nationmd= |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. Religion’s political relevancep,?(3) |
|
Definition
.. Challenges based on values and virtue
.. Engages in debate
..What are religious obligations?
..What issues are secular?
..What is role of Church?
..What is role of State?
.. More religious than secular?n/x-m |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. The religious presence |
|
Definition
Christianity dominates
..Twice the number of Muslims
..Christian = Roman Catholic, Protestant
.. Muslims dominate in Asia and Africa
..Many other religious groupsïý |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. “Religions of the book”(1/4) |
|
Definition
.. Christianity, Islam, Judaism
..Share the Old Testament
..Christians add New Testament, Muslims add
the Koran and related practices
..Each has sacred documents, relics, and sites
..Inerrancy of sacred booksx-m |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. Rise of religious fundamentalism?(5) |
|
Definition
.. Call for a strict, traditional interpretation of
religion
.. Christian, Muslim, Jewish
.. Response to contemporary change
..Return to God is necessary
.. Reliance on the “the book”ave- |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. Religious fundamentalism(3/3) |
|
Definition
.. The failure of the secular
.. Modern state has lost its way
.. Demands for
..Divine justification for laws, institutions
..Religious territorial control
..Communitarian values« |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: Means to this end..Some examples?(5) |
|
Definition
..Separatism
..Accommodation
..Anti-slavery movement
..Civil rights & anti-war movement in 1960s
..Right to life movement± |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. Islamic fundamentalism(3) |
|
Definition
.. Aggressive pursuit of political power
.. No distinction between church and state
.. Does not require extremism or terrorism but
is associated with bothx-m |
|
|
Term
| The Politics of Religion: .. Jewish fundamentalism |
|
Definition
.. Seek implementation of Jewish canon law
in public law in Israel |
|
|
Term
| Religious Activism:.. Christian activism (U.S.)(4) |
|
Definition
.. Pressure groups
.. Local government and school boards
.. First involvement with Democratic party
.. “Christian Right” in Republican party
.. 2008 elections – less decisive factorckwave- |
|
|
Term
| Religious Activism:All seek to influence? |
|
Definition
political institutions
and policymaking in some form/pj |
|
|
Term
| Religious Activism: .. Spread of fundamentalismxbitm(2/1) |
|
Definition
.. Limited by divisions
.. Political significance in its polarizing and
fragmenting effects on internal politics
..Not a new phenomenontmcmd= |
|
|
Term
| Samuel Huntington saw culture as the? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Clash of Civilizations:
Religion, in particular, is at the, imag |
|
Definition
at the core of
this confrontation. imag |
|
|
Term
The USSR’s ecological movement was a
factor in thege/pj |
|
Definition
| collapse of the Soviet Unionbitm |
|
|
Term
| Negative rights imply freedom from, imag |
|
Definition
restraints of government and other
agencies |
|
|
Term
Positive rights are those which provide
the |
|
Definition
freedom to obtain something, such
as an education or freedom of
movement.« |
|
|
Term
| In 2005 the Uzbek government |
|
Definition
arrested an
opposition politician and raided the office of an
opposition political alliance.Áß |
|
|
Term
US Senators Bill Frist
and Richard Lugar introduced? |
|
Definition
resolution calling
on the Uzbek government to respect rights of the
accused individuals.nce.Áß |
|
|
Term
In 2006, Uzbek state television played a show
entitledj |
|
Definition
"Hypocrites", in which Protestant
missionaries were said to have engaged in
plagiarism and drug use.A |
|
|
Term
Begzot Kadyrov, specialist of the
State's Religious Affairs Committee, said, |
|
Definition
"Turning
away from the religion of one's ancestors is not only
one's own mistake but could also lead to very bad
situations between brothers, sisters and between
parents and their children." Converts to Christianity
are "lost to family, friends and society”.5 |
|
|
Term
| The Open Society Institute (OSI)is? |
|
Definition
a private
foundation which promotes democratic governance,
human rights and social reform. OSI supports rule of
law & free media. It works to build international
alliances on issues such as corruption and rights abusesrp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
action
which cause harm on members of
national, ethnic, racial, or religious
groups.o |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
values that
benefit the entire community.t |
|
|
Term
Foreign policy is the process by
whichg |
|
Definition
| states pursue such interests.itm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fundamental needs
of states which give nations a
direction.± |
|
|
Term
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Definition
means by which
states implement foreign policy. |
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Term
| National Security PolicyDefinition: |
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Definition
development of
strategies to deter aggression and
defend national interests. |
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Term
|
Definition
contacts
relative to interstate political issues
-advances national security policy.io |
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Term
|
Definition
objectives of
government, both public & private.mage/pj |
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Term
|
Definition
expressed in goals
and interests.y |
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Term
|
Definition
foreign policy
decisions and actions taken by
governments.ëðM |
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Term
|
Definition
preference for one state of
reality over anothermage/pj |
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Term
|
Definition
conviction that a
description of reality is correcte/pj |
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Term
|
Definition
data received from
environment helps change
perceptions |
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Term
|
Definition
| Created in 1967 in Moscow |
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|
Term
| Institute of USA &Canada: Effort to utilize? |
|
Definition
Western approaches to
researchm Intended to make official Soviet
perceptions more accurate
• Marxism-Leninism remained as guide |
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