Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Goverment final
Gov final
40
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
12/11/2012

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Majoritarian Politics

Definition
This refers to the notion of widely distributed costs and benefits.
Term

Entrepreneurial Politics

Definition
This refers to policies that have concentrated costs but distributed benefits.
Term

Competitive Regulatory Policy

Definition
regulation of compition, to protect the producers
Term

Redeemer Governments

Definition
Redeemer Government is when the current government is replaced or "redeemed" by those that previously occupied it
Term

Loopholes

Definition
These are associated with client politics, which are designed to reward or punish certain behavior
Term

TANF

Definition
This is the Temporary Aid (Assistance?) for Needy Families, formerly known as AFDC. 
Term

AARP

Definition
AARP is an acronym for American Association of Retired Persons.
Term

Penumbral Right

Definition
These are rights guaranteed by implication in a constitution or the implied power of a rule. They are associated with the privacy ruling of Griswold v CT
Term

Exclusionary Rule

Definition

A law that states that things found illegally cannot be used in court, such as items taken from a home by the government without a warrant

Mapp V OH

Term

Double Jeopardy

Definition
A person cannot be tried twice for the same crime, guaranteed by the 5th Amendment to the Constitution
Term

Selective Incorporation

Definition
The Bill of Rights originally only applied to the people. Untile Gitwell V NY
Term

Miranda Case

Definition
This case questioned the police practice of interrogating individuals without notifying them of their right to counsel and protection from self-incrimination violates the 5th amendment. 
Term

Griswold v CT

Definition

Supreme Court extended this ruling during the era when civil liberties became a popular topic. The legal provision was Due Process, and questioned the private matters of the use of contraceptives and stemmed to other privacy matters over time.

Term

Externalities

Definition

Something, either positive or negative, that occurs without intention.  Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle for a gripping story of the unsanitary meat packing conditions during this era.

 

Term

Interest Group Politics

Definition
one in which the costs are concentrated, as well as the benefits
Term

Logrolling

Definition
This is associated with Client Politics, regarding the notion of “You scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours” kind-of-deal
Term

Ralph Nader

Definition
He comes up under the heading of “Entrepreneurial Politics” and is associated with automobiles
Term

Monetary Policy

Definition
This is the supply of money circulating in the economy
Term

Reserve Rate

Definition
This is controlled by the FRB (Federal Reserve Board) and dictates the amount of money banks must keep on hand
Term

Entitlements

Definition
These are one of the causes of counter-cyclical spending. It is also the claim for government funds that cannot be changed without violating rights of the claimant
Term

AFDC

Definition

·         It is the former name of TANF, which is an acronym for Aid to Families with Dependent Children.

Term

Self-Incrimination

Definition

·         No protection from this in the magna carta, but guaranteed in the 5th amendment to the Constitution.

Term

Symbolic Speech

Definition
One of the difficult issues involved in “Privacy,” regarding the questionable definition of “speech.”
Term

Gitlow v New York

Definition
This Supreme Court case of 1925 help that the 14th amendment extends 1st amendment rights to the states. Gitlow was causing a bit of having, calling for strikes and class action and was charged under NY criminal anarchy law
Term

Prior Restraint

Definition
This is brought up by the 1931 case of Near v MN, which overturned the states “prior restraint” of the Saturday Press to publish certain “malicious, scandalous and defamatory” statements. With only a few limited exceptions, prior restraint is forbidden in the U.S
Term

Baker v Carr

Definition
This was a 1962 Supreme Court case which held that one person is entitled to one vote and one vote only. The decision was made under chief justice Earl Warren
Term

ADA

Definition
American Disibility act
Term

Client Politics

Definition
The last of the four types of “politics” discussed in this section is Client Politics, which promotes concentrated benefits, but distributed costs
Term

Monetarism

Definition
One of the key theories of economic policy making is monetarism. In a nutshell, it means that the key to economy is money supply and the worst evil is inflation
Term

Planning

Definition
Planning is another theory of Economic Policy Making where the government limits and guides industry for national gain. It is necessary to enhance efficiency, income quality, job access and socially desirable production
Term

Laffer Curve

Definition
Invented by Art LAffer, this curve shows the relationship between tax rates and tax revenue collected by governments
Term

Fiscal Policy

Definition
This is the use of taxation and spending to affect economy. It is also related to Keynesianism, counter-cyclical spending and loopholes
Term

Discount Rate

Definition
This is something the Federal Reserve Board can alter. It is the rate it charges to banks. Increasing the discount rate tightens money supply
Term

Medicare

Definition

This is a social insurance program characterized by majoritarian

politic. Helps old people


Term

General Writs

Definition
These are forbidden by the 4th amendment and were used extensively in England to catch smugglers. I assume it is related to searching and seizing property without a warrant or something like that
Term

De Facto Segregation

Definition
Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens “by fact”rather than by legal   requirement
Term

Near v Minnesota

Definition
Near v MN was the 1931 court case that decided to overturn the state’s prior restraint of the Saturday Press to publish certain material
Term

24th Amendment

Definition
ended poll taxes
Term

Protective Paternalism

Definition
This implies that men should protect and care for women
Term
Craig v Boren
Definition
An Oklahoma law prohibited the sale of "nonintoxicating" 3.2 percent beers to males under the age of 21 and to females under the age of 18
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