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| Americans do not think congress as a whole does a good job but thinks that on average therir congressman does |
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| Almost all obscure individuals, village lawyers, men in trades, or belong to the lowerclass... |
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| Congress is full of dip spitters |
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| __ years old for senate __ years old for house |
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| Must be a citizen for __ years for house __ years for senate |
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Definition
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| In ___ the supreme court ruled ___ that term limits were ________ |
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Definition
| 1995, 5-4, unconstitional |
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| Reapportionment of seats occurs every ___ years |
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Definition
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| Population movement is towards the |
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| From 1950-2000 california gained ___ seats and New York lost ___ |
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| Redrawing district boundaries in relation to population change, hot political issue becasue it can change election outcomes |
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| A district whose boundaries are devised to maximize the political advantage of a party or group |
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Definition
| forced states to reapportion thir districts |
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| Primary way to maintain control of government |
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| "the legislatiure to be created under the new gov should be an exact portrait in moniture of the ppl at large |
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| "congress should be a mirror of the people" |
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| Most members spend about ___ of each year in their district |
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Definition
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| Benefits of being in congress: |
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| Salary of approx 165,000 that increases with inflation, amazing health and dental care, medical staff on site, free parking, franking privelage, generous federal pensions and 401K plans can retire as early as 50 if theyve served 20 years at least |
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| Benefits that help being reelected: |
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Definition
| can hire up to 18 staff members, recieve an allowance for office space and furniture senators hire up to 34 staff, allowance for travel to and from capitol, franking privelage, telivision and radio studios, |
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| Senate challengers have a better chance than house challengers because: |
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Definition
| Stronger candidates, largers pool of challengers, senate challengersare better known often former governers or reps, incumbents have not had as much personal contact with voters proportion wise, wider range of views and demands to satisfy, |
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| Party loyalty is more important in congressional campaigns than presidential |
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Definition
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| Normally the party of the winning president ___ seats his election year and ____ seats his reelection year |
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| August is usually designated |
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Definition
| the work of answering questions and doing personal favors for constituents that wrote or called |
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| Case work allows members to build non partisan and seemingly non political ties with their constituents |
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Definition
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| the power members have is greater when dealing with constituents |
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Definition
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| Tax payers pay approximately ______ for office and franking privelages each year in recent years |
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Term
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| The frank helps members increase name recognition and members can use it even before being sworn in it is mostly used to send material to constituents that have requested it |
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| Political Action Committees (PACS) make fundraising much easier for incumbents |
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Term
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| One that considers legislation important to big money interests or appropriates money, members of juice committees get more donations |
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| Obtaining funds for the district to increase reelection chances |
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| "Theres no such thing as fiscal conservatives when it comes to their districts" |
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| _____ voting members in congress |
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Definition
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| The president of the senate is ______ |
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Term
| _______ transformed the role of the speaker into one of leadership and made house the dominant branch |
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Definition
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| Nicknamed "the czar" chaired the rules committee increased speakers powers to be able to disipline members voting against their committee |
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| Blocked legilation he didnt like punished people that opposed him and ignored people trying to speak |
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Definition
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| Arbitrary weilding of the speakers powers |
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Definition
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| Committees became more independent when they |
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Definition
| revolted against cannonism |
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| Before direct voting of senators, the senate was called |
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Definition
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| direct election ammendment passed in |
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Definition
| specific amount of money designated or set aside at the request of the member of congress |
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| Citizens against government waste |
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Definition
| group that keeps track of government spending |
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| 2nd in line to succeed president |
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Definition
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| 2nd in command to speaker |
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Definition
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| Becasue the speaker is more a party than institutional leader he or she is expected to use the speakership to maximize partisan advantage in committe and staff appointments and to secure the passage of measures preferred by the party |
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Definition
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| speaker usually doesnt cast a vote |
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Definition
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| Todays speakers punishment and rewards include having a say on who gets to be in what committe and what committees will get imporant bills how the congressional campaign funds are allocated material benefits like office space naming chair of rules committee |
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Definition
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| Only speaker to attempt the level of control reed and cannon did |
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Definition
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| palyed good cop bad cop with eachother |
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Definition
| tom delay and dennis hastert |
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| Hastert acted as a facillitator for bush and an enablor for delay |
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Definition
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| most notably powerful senate majority leader |
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Definition
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| senate majorithy leader cant control terms of bill being passed or a filibuster |
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Definition
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| current senate majority leader |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| resigned from senate because he couldnt handle his roles while running for president |
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Term
| allow more bills to be ammmednded and viewed and help members develope specializations |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ standing committes in the house ____ in the senate |
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Definition
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| ___ subcommittees in house ___ in senate |
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Definition
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Definition
| provide committee an oppurtunity to rewrite the bill |
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Term
| sub committees (mark up)-full committee-full house or senate |
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Definition
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Term
| committees focusing on taxes, appropriations, and finances are always sought after |
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Definition
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Term
| organized on a temporary basis to investigate a specific problem or to hold hearings and issue a report on special problems |
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Definition
| special, select committees |
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Term
| select committees that arent disbanded |
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Definition
| House and senate select committee on intelligence and senate select committe on ethics |
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Definition
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| Appointed when house and senate pass diff versions of same bill |
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Definition
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| Committee that bypasses the mechanisms of accountability pass bills without formal hearings vote on huge legislation that they dont know about |
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Definition
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| congress has more than _____ staff |
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Definition
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Term
| GAO - Government accountability office |
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Definition
| checks on efficiency and effectiveness of government agencies |
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Term
| CRS - Congressional Research Service |
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Definition
| does research and studies for congressmen |
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Term
| Office of Technology Assessment |
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Definition
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| CBO - Congressional budget office |
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Definition
| provides expertise and support of congressional budgeting job |
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Term
| ____ full time congressional research staffers in library of congress |
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Definition
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| powers mentioned specifically in constitution |
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Definition
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Term
| permitted to make all the laws necessary and proper to carry out its enumerated powers |
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Definition
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| less than ____ percent of bills pass most are |
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Definition
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Term
| bills can be introduced in house or senate except for ____ which can only be introduced to the house |
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Definition
| tax measure and appropriations |
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Term
| _____ initiates about half of legislation but cant introduce bills |
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Definition
| president, only congress can introduce bills |
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Term
| house has ___ calenders senate has ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ doesnt have a rules committee |
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Definition
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| _____ control debate on a bill |
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Definition
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| In _____ there are no restricts to debate or adding ammendments |
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Definition
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| _____ vote is of ____ to end debate of an issue 30 hours after initiated |
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Definition
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Term
| "An apple and an orange can go in a room and come out as a pear" |
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Definition
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| _____ vote to override presidential veto in both house and senate |
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Definition
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Term
| Beurocrats, legislators, and lobbyists make up this |
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Definition
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Term
| Functions as congresses watch dog |
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Definition
| GAO government accountability office |
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Term
| primary means of congressional oversight is to |
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Definition
| control the federal budget |
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Term
| the battered congress syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| congress tends to spend more in times of |
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Definition
| election years and unemployment |
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Term
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Definition
| acts that enable agencies to operate by creating them or specify the funding bills but dont actually provide it |
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Definition
| give the agencies the authority to spend the money allocated to them |
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| Power of those who chair appropriation subcommittees |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| not unusual for fiscal year to begin before budget is passed so congress must lump things together due to time constraints |
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| all new spending must be offset by a new revenue source |
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Definition
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| keep congress running smoothly |
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Definition
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| henry clay 7th speaker of house |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a presidential veto by letting the bill sit until congress recesses |
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| requires that the president submit a copy of his budget to congress |
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Definition
| budget and accounting act of 1921 |
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