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| Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. |
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| A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. |
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| The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. |
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| No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. |
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| In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. |
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| In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. |
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| Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. |
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Term
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| The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. |
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Definition
| The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. |
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Term
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| Defines citizenship, contains the Privileges or Immunities Clause, the Due Process Clause, the Equal Protection Clause, and deals with post–Civil War issues. |
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Term
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| Permits Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. |
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Term
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Definition
| Establishes the direct election of United States Senators by popular vote. |
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Term
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| Changes the date on which the terms of the President and Vice President (January 20) and Senators and Representatives (January 3) end and begin. |
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Term
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| Limits the number of times that a person can be elected president: a person cannot be elected president more than twice, and a person who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected cannot be elected more than once. |
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Term
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Definition
| Grants the District of Columbia electors (the number of electors being equal to the least populous state) in the Electoral College. |
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Term
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| Addresses succession to the Presidency and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, as well as responding to Presidential disabilities. |
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Term
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| Delays laws affecting Congressional salary from taking effect until after the next election of representatives. |
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Term
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Definition
| mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government (the central or 'federal' government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States |
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Term
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| that any debts created before the adoption of the United States Constitution are to be considered valid, in the same form they were held under the Articles of Confederation. |
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Term
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| One central government controls weaker states. Power is not shared between states, counties, or provinces. |
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Term
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| Weak or loose organization of states agrees to follow a powerful central government. Nations can choose to follow or not follow the lead of the weak central government. |
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Term
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| power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms, with state governments exercising those powers accorded to them without interference from the federal government. |
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| national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems, rather than making policies separately but more or less equally |
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| financial relations between units of governments in a federal government system. |
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| large chunks of money given to local governments by the federal government with few strings attached |
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Term
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| chunks of money given by the federal government to state and local governments that have far more rules attached to them. |
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| the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration. |
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Term
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| counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups. |
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Term
Ratify Treaty
Overide Veto |
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Definition
| Legislative to Executive (check and balance) |
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Term
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Definition
| Legislative to Judicial (check and balance) |
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Term
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| Executive to Legislative (check and balance) |
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Term
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Definition
| Executive to Judicial (check and balance) |
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Term
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Definition
| Judicial to Legislative (check and balance) |
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Term
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Definition
| Judicial to Executive (check and balance) |
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