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Gov and the Environment
Ideas and terms from lecture notes
51
Political Studies
Undergraduate 2
02/21/2013

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Term
Rationality
Definition
Rational choices should satisfy a basic need and will do so repeatedly under same circumstances
Term
Decision Problem
Definition
The acts or options among you must chose from and their consequences
Term
Decision Frame
Definition
How it is articulated by the communicator and the frame within individuals observe things. Perspective
Term
NEPA
Definition
1969, all gov agencies have to do an environmental impact statement
Term
Split Estate
Definition
if 60% of your neighbors sell their land rights, then hydrofrackers can take your land.
Term
Framing...
Definition
- We quickly form judgements
- Impares our ability to be open minded
- We stay with facts that fill our original frames
Term
Defining a Problem steps
Definition
1) Deficit and Excess
2) Evaluate definition
3) no issue rehtoric
4) quantify if possible
5) don't define solution in problem
6) be careful about diagnostic claims
7) Iterate, you won't get it right the first time
Term
NEPA Cycle
Definition
Policy Deff --> Agenda Setting --> policy development --> Implement Action --> Policy Evaluation --> Policy Deff
Term
Agenda Setting
Definition
How new problems emerge as political issues that demand gov attention
Term
Getting on the agenda
Definition
Something shocking or serious, socail recognition that sparks policy
Term
Bounded Rationality
Definition
we can only give so much attention to issues, allocation of interest
Term
Policy Streams Model
Stream 1
Definition
Evidence of existence of problems, may be effected by a crisis. Qs to be addressed.
Term
Policy Streams Model
Stream 2
Definition
Ideas and intersted parties waited to be taken up, includes think tanks, policy analysis, solutions waiting for problems
Term
Policy Stream Model
Stream 3
Definition
institutions and politicians, swings of political mood, subject to public opinions andelection results
Term
Policy Stream Model: point of greatest change
Definition
Convergence of 3 streams, called policy window
Term
NRDC and Environmental Defence Fund
Definition
sue people on state and federal levels
Term
NEPA
Definition
Passed December 1969, under Nixon
Made all fed agencies conduct environmental impact statements
Term
The 8 Fold Path: 1
Definition
Define the Problem
- Helps you to tell story, helpfull to use words to give context
Term
8 Fold Path: 2
Definition
Assemble Evidence,representation of the facts. Data with meaning
Term
Evidence>Data
Definition
only collected data that will cause you to pick one decision or another.
Nothing wrong with educated guesses with abalitiy of resources
Term
What forces aligned in the 70s for environmental legislation
Definition
Pollution, health problems, socail movements, image improvement, demographic changes
Term
Senator Henery Scoop Jackson
Definition
promoted central insight that better environmental results could be achived by merging hte holistic teaching of "ecosystem ecology" with "systems analysis" with more rational systemic governmental legislation
Term
Jackson vs Senator Edmund Muskie
Definition
Address pollution through series of labeling parts of the enviornment
Term
Clean Air Act
Definition
Muske vs Nixon dymanic emerged from, Ralph Nader's stimulation with green party, framed in terms of public health

Autorized establishment of Nat Amebery and air quality standards
Term
Nat Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
Definition
Measures top 6 Pollutants
Co2
Ozone
PB
No2
S02
PMO PM2.5
Term
Clean Water Act
Definition
1972
Make all of Americas waterways fishable and swimable
Term
Nat Pollutant discharged elimination system (NPPES)
Definition
Permits to limit toxins that get to the water system, mangaged by EPA and State
Term
EPA
Definition
Indipendent agency of the executive branch, created to
- establish and enforce enviro reg
- conduct research
- evaluate results
- recommend policy changes
Term
NEPA 2 main goals
Definition
1) to prevent enviro degredation caused by federag agencies
2) to free gov to consdier enviro factors in planning and decision making
Term
NPDES
Definition
nat pollutant discharge elimination system (NPDES).
- Permits to limit toxins that get in to water system, managed by EPA
Term
EPA
Definition
Indipendent agency of the executive branch created to
- establish and enforce enviro standards
- conduct reserach
- gather info and evaluate
- recommend policy changes
Term
Enviro Impact Statement
Definition
Must be done for all props to counsel on environmental quality
Term
Atomic energy commission held up
Definition
- Offshore shell drilling
- alaska oil pipeline
- very ,much procedural, no real way to stop these things
Term
Civic Environmentalism
Definition
Public support for bottom up policy development, allows creativity and innovation
Term
Scale
Definition
the spatial, temporal, quantitative, or analytical dimensions used to measure and study any phenomenon. You must understand the appropriate scale when looking to address any problem
Term
Spatial Scale
Definition
Patch--> landscape-->region-->globe-->Area
Term
Temporal Scale
Definition
Daily-->seasonal-->Annual-->Short/Fast
Term
Jurisdictional Scale
Definition
Localities-->State-->National-->inter-governmental
Term
Federalism
Definition
a democracy where the power is split between national and state levels
Term
Main innovation of Clean water Act
Definition
Implemation of NPDE, Pollution permits
Term
Tech Based Control Approach
Definition
EPA sets nat guidelines and standards for industry, guidelines used adn adapted by states
Term
TMDL
Definition
Total Max Daily load. Calc of max amount of pollution a body of water can receive and still meet quality standards, all must be fishable and swimable. Established 2010
Term
Cooperative Federalism
Definition
State, natinal, and local gov all act toether, but it as an attack on federal poweres. It failed, 2010
Term
Ripirain Doctrine
Definition
You must own land next to a source to have rights to it, everyone has equal rights to use
Term
Approptriation Doctrine
Definition
First in time of use has first right to use, upstream. Land ownership not required, can be auctioned off, quality not considered
Term
Winters Doctrine
Definition
Protects H20 ono native lands, indians sued people upstream
Term
Colorodo River Compact
Definition
1922, cant drain past a certain point, but created in a wet year. River no longer meets the sea.
Term
Steps of Policy analysis
Definition
1) Define the problem
2) Assemble Evidcence
3) Construt alternative
4) Select Criterea
5) Project outcomes
6) Confront trade offs
Term
Stakeholder
Definition
someone on an instatution with a vested interest in the natural resouce that will be affected by a poliy, or those who influence decision making
Term
Stakeholder analysis
Definition
identify primary and secondary stakeholder, develop a strategic view of humans an institutional relationship
Term
Steps to identify Stakeholders
Definition
1) identify what they want
2) Who is inflencial and important
3) how to engage them
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