Term
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Definition
| a serum uric acid level that is elevated more than 2 standard deviations above the population mean (6.5 mg/dl). |
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Term
| Gout is a disease characterized by..... |
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Definition
- recurrent acute attacks of urate crystal-induced arthritis.
- it may include tophi deposits of monosodium urate in and around the joints and cartilage and in the kidneys, as well as uric acid nephrolithiasis.
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Term
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Definition
| It is an end product of purine metabolism |
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Term
| What is the relationship between Xanthine oxydase and uric acid? |
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Definition
| Xanthine oxidase catalyzes the reaction that occurs as a final step in the degredation of purines to uric acid. |
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Term
| Primary hyperuricemia and gout results from? |
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Definition
| an innate defect in purine metabolism or uric acid excretion. |
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Term
| Secondary Hyperuricemia occurs..... |
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Definition
| Occurs during a course of another disease or as a result of drug therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| lowers the serum levels of uric acid by inhibiting the proximal tubular reabsorption of uric acid. (increases excretion) |
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Term
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Definition
1.(Zyloprim) 2. isomer of hypoxathine, a purine
2. prevents terminal step of uric acid synthesis by inhibiting enzyme xanthine oxidase which converts xanthine or hypoxanthine to uric acid.
3. can be given to pts with renal impairment at reduced doses. |
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Term
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Definition
1. inhibits leukocyte entry into affected joint.
2. it is used for acute attacks
3. used for prophylactic therapy
4. used IV |
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Term
| Probenecid (Benemid) and Sulfinpyrazone (Anturane) |
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Definition
| increase the excretion of uric acid by blocking the uric acid reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule. |
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Term
| Acute attacks of gout can be tx w/? |
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Definition
| Indomethicine and Colchicine |
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Term
| Why is aspirin not given to pts who have gout? |
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Definition
| Aspirin is contraindicated b/c it competes with uric acid for organic acid secretion in the proximal tubles (causing and increase of uric acid in your system). |
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Term
| Chronic gout can be caused by.... |
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Definition
1. genetic defect ( such as one resulting in purine synthesis)
2. renal deficiency
3. Lesch-Nylan syndrome
4. excessive production of uric acid associated w/caner chemotherapy |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug that increases the excretion of uric acid. |
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Term
| Which drugs can cause gout? |
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Definition
1. Thiazide diuretics (HCTZ)
2. loop diuretics (Lasix)
3. ASA (in low doses)
4. Niacin
5. Cytotoxic drugs (Busulfan) |
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Term
| Name the side effects of Colchicine. |
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Definition
Bone Marrow suppression
Aplastic anemia
myopathy
alopecia
myocardial injury
shock
respiratory failure
thrombophlebitis |
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Term
| What is the lethal dose of colchicine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Corticosteroids used to tx gout? |
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Definition
1. Methylprednisolone ( DepoMedrol) - dose depends on size of joint.
2. Predisone
3. New therapy - Pegloticase (krystexxa)
4. New therapy - Febuxostat (Uloric)
5. New therapy - fenofibrate |
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Term
| the major differences between RA and OA are.... |
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Definition
OA - is usually a result of the basic wear and tear
on the body that comes with age.
- typically effects the larger joints (hips and knees)
- diagnosied in those over 40
RA - is an autoimmune disease that results in a distinct type of arthritis.
- found in smaller joints (wrists and elbows)
- diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 60 |
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Term
| What is the pharmacological tx for OA? |
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Definition
Tylenol
NSAIDs
COX-2 inhibitors
oral analgesics
- tramadol
- propoxyphene
- corticosteroids
- hyaluronic acid derivitives (Synvisc) |
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Term
| What are the pharmacological tx for RA? |
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Definition
NSAIDS
COX-2 inhibitors
Corticosteroids
DMARDs |
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