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Gothic Cathedrals
Midterm Slides for Bugsy
70
Art History
Undergraduate 3
02/14/2010

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

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Caspar David Friedrich, Monastery Graveyard in the Snow, 1817-19

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Cologne Cathedral, general view, begun 1248, re-begun c.1820

 


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Cluny III, b 1088, cons. 1095, plan

 

In Burguny.  Founded by William Duke of Aquatane, 909.  Gave it Revenue producing land.  freed it of any episcopal authority - the Abbot of Cluny answered only to the Pope. 

 

Cluny III largest church when built under Abbott Hugh in 1088, altar consecrated in 1095.  Building begun at East end where altars were so they could be funtional as soon as possible.  All that remains now is one of the transcepts.  Cluny 3 exemplifys many aspects of Romanesque and the Regional Burgundy Style.

 

East end most liturgically important - hold sanctuary and choir.  Lots of chapels which had altars - first to have substantial number of these. 

 

Interior has several key points of romanesque:

  • 3 storie elevation
  • barrel vaults
  • vault responds: supports of nave arcade are known as compound.
  • bay divisions are distinctive - shafts between bays rise to the ceiling - Vertical Articulation
  • Arcade: used to be simgle olumns, classical - Piers at Cluny III are so large they are various cut stones carefully pieced.  - a Compound Pier.
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Cluny III, b 1088, cons. 1095, int. recons.

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Cluny III, b 1088, cons. 1095, w. portal recons.

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Caen, St. Etienne, W. Facade
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Pontigny, b. c. 1140, f. 1210, int., s. nave aisle

 

Burgundy

 

Had Pointed groin vaults - Close to pointed rib vaults. 

Burgundy tended to have thinner walls.  Used Solid Ashlar Masonry.

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Durham Cathedral, b. 1093, nave vaulted by 1120s, int

 

Earliest major surviving rib vaults.  Nave Vaults and Trancepts still survive.

 

Rib vaults have several advantages -

  • Aesthetic : have emphasis on vaults - groin vaults are amorphous and irregular - ribs are very precise.  provide Visual Support
  • Ribs have constructional Advantage: begin by building ribs first, add stones progressively until the key stone - only need supports for the ribs.

Rib vaults in Durham experimental - Transverse arches every two bays.  the Clerestory passage is an Anglo Norman Feature. 

 

Still Thick Wall Construction

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Durham Cathedral, b. 1093, nave vaulted by 1120s, vault springings

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Paris, St-Pierre-de-Montmartre, c.1133-47, int., n. side of nave

 

Built under King Louis 6 and Adelaide Savoy (wife)

 

Vault and Front face of piers rebuilt in 15th century.   Orriginally they had pointed arches. 

THIN WALL CONSTRUCTION.  orriginal piers. This is very UNLIKE Anglo Norman Influence. Piers are bulky.

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Saint-Denis, c.1135-1140, w. facade (before rest.)

 

very elaborate - the ceremonial function is emphasized.  Bronze doors were made for it but destroyed by those pesky french revolutionaries. Associated with the French Kings. Precursor to Royal portals at Chartres.

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Saint-Denis, c.1135-1140, w. facade, central portal
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Saint-Denis, c.1135-1140, w. facade portals, column statues (engr.)

 


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Saint-Denis, c.1135-40, w. facade portals, head of Moses

 

Still Romanesque in Conception.  Sculpted Tympanums were popular in Burgundy. 

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Saint-Denis, c.1135-1140, w. block, int.

 

The visual supports that lead up to the ceiling. Attached Shafts for every rib vault.  Typical for early gothic. 

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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, ambulatory and radiating chapels, plan

 

12 piers in main arcade = the 12 apostles.  in ambulatory - minor spostles in old testament. 

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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, ambulatory and radiating chapels, ext.
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, recons. of choir elev.
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, ambulatory and radiating chapels, int
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-44, chevet vaults
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, ambulatory and radiating chapels, int. in subdued light
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, Tree of Jesse Window
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, Anagogical Window
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Saint-Denis, c.1140-1144, First Crusade and Charlemagne Window, drawing of det.
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Master of St Giles, Mass of St Giles (London, Nat. Gall.), c.1500, showing int. of Saint-Denis
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Vézelay, abbey church of La Madeleine, east end, c.1160-80, int.

 

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Vézelay, abbey church of La Madeleine, east end, c.1160-80, ext.

 

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Sens Cathedral, b. early 1140s, int.

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Sens Cathedral, b. early 1140s, int., elev. of choir

 

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Sens Cathedral, b. early 1140s, recons. of orig. choir elev.

 

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Plans (to scale) of: Saint-Denis abbey church; Sens Cath.; Laon Cath.; Cath. of Notre-Dame, Paris

 

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Noyon Cathedral, mid-12th century, e. end. int.

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Noyon Cathedral, mid-12th century, nave, int.

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Noyon Cathedral, mid-12th century, s. transept, int.

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Sections (to scale) of: Noyon Cath.; Cath. of Notre-Dame, Paris; Laon Cath.; St Remi, Reims
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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, int.
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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, int., nave elev.

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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, int. n. transept

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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, section

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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, transverse buttress wall under gallery roof

 

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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, recons. of original tower arrangement

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Laon Cathedral, b. c.1155-60, f. prob. c.1210, w. facade

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Laon Cathedral, b. C.11550-60, f. prob. c.1210, sw. tower

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Villard de Honnecourt, drawing of a tower of Laon Cathedral, c.1230-35

 

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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, b. c.1163, int., intersection of n. transept and choir

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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, b. c.1163, int., nave elev.

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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, b. c.1163, int., vaults
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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, b. c.1163, flying buttresses, det.
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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, b. c.1163, ext., s. side of church

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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, b. c.1163, flying buttresses

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Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris, west rose window, c.1220
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Chartres Cathedral, west facade

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Chartres Cathedral, west facade, s. spire, f. c.1170

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55, left tympanum

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55, right tympanum

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55, central tympanum

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55, central tympanum, det. of Christ

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55, right archivolts, Aristotle

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Chartres Cathedral, Royal Portal, c.1145-55, column-statues

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Senlis Cathedral, west portal, c.1165-70

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Senlis Cathedral, west portal, c.1165-70, det., left jamb

 

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Chartres Cathedral, b. after 1194 fire, ext., n. transept facade

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Chartres Cathedral, n. porch, early 13th century, central portal

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Chartres Cathedral, n. porch, early 13th century, central portal, det. Coronation of the Virgin

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Chartres Cathedral, n. porch, early 13th century, central portal, left jamb

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Chartres Cathedral, St Eustace window, c.1210: Eustace hunting

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Chartres Cathedral, St Eustace window, c.1210: Martyrdom of St Eustace

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Chartres Cathedral, Miracles of the Virgin window, c.1205-15, "Cult of Carts" scene

 

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Chartres Cathedral, Good Samaritan window, c.1205-15: det.

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