manuscript illumination

  A book containing the Old Testament Book of Psalms or a particular version of, musical setting for, or selection from it.

A sacred song; a hymn

Bible moralisée

(‘moralized Bible,’ ‘moralizing Bible’)

 a Biblical text comprised of short moralizing commentaries on passages in the Bible (usually written in the margins of the page); a kind of instructional manual that formed an encyclopedic picture book of Old and New Testament typologies

  an enlarged letter at the beginning of a sentence, paragraph, or other section of text, containing a (usually narrative) picture

  a liturgical book containing the hymns, offices, and prayers for the canonical hours

The canonical hours mark the divisions of the day in terms of periods of fixed prayer at regular intervals.

• Has PARTS of stories: hence the "brief" in the name
  

  an abbreviated breviary containing the texts, prayers, and psalms for private devotion

  Contents:

  - calendar of the church year (feast days)

  - excerpts from the Gospels

  - the Little Office (or Hours) of the Virgin

  - Psalms

  - Litany of saints

  - Office of the Dead

  - Suffrages of the Saints

Klosterneuburg Altar

Camille Fig. 54

1181

Chartres Royal Portal

(Sculptural Program)

Camille Fig. 50

1145-1155

1) Ascension of Christ

2) Second Coming

3) Mary as Mother of God

Extrabiblical notions

1) Immaculate conception (Anne was a virgin too)

2)Virgin Mother of Jesus

3) Assumption (Bodily)

4) Crucified in spirit

Early Gothic Sculpture

They are part of the pillar and they look like pillars; still very attached. Feet are binded to pillar. Emotionally static.

Chartres Columns

Not trying to deviate from looking like columns

1200-1250

• Elimination of gallery, retention of triforium
• Additional height, lofty clerestory with lancet windows surmounted by rose window
• Balanced proportions
• Quadripartite vaults
• Bar tracery w/ mullions
  

Pilier cantonné

Pier consisting of a large central core with four attached collonnettes

After 1194 (a fire)

Addition of:

• flying buttresses and the rose window

• equal/thought-out proportions
• the general desire for more stained glass
• Last Judgement rose window
• Blanche of Castille rose window (c. 1220)
  

• Bar tracery
• Piliers cantonnes
• Linkage of triforium and clerestory windows (bar triforium to clerestory)
• Two-tiered flying buttresses with intermediate pier buttresses around the choir

•  1245-55

• Ex: Annunciation and Visitation, jamb figures --> Smiling Gabriel Angel: his pose is exaggerated with weight shift (contrapposto)
  
• Foliate capitals
• Pinnacles
• Gables
  
• Sculptures are intimate, active, and almost in the round
• Mary was a trumeau figure
  

1195

• Has 3-story elevation, but looks like 5-story elevation
  
• Compact organization
• No transept
• Pilier cantonne
• 169 foot vaults. Very tall.
• Two-tiered (split) buttresses (wasn't used much before)
  

ca. 1230/40s to 1300/50

• Used to describe French Gothic tracery that appears as rays bursting forth
• disappearance of masonry walls and replacement of walls by sheets of stained glass framed by clusters
• more than a decorative technique, but a building system, as well
  

Amiens Cathedral

1220-1230

• Ultimate achievement in (West form?) verticality; "most balanced"
  
• Dedicated to Mary
• Robert de Luzarches is the master builder
• Triforium and clerestory in choir and radiating chapels are united into one; long, giant lancets
• Triforium is glazed (has glass)
• Same basic plan as Chartres; rather compact plan despite projecting transept
  
• 149 foot vaults
• Ratio 2.9:1
• Gargoyles on roof
  

Beauvais Cathedral

1225

• Ratio 3.5 : 1
• Made 16 feet taller than originally planned, and it failed. Campaign 1238
  
• Made out of crumbly rock
• Collasped once when the choir was done and then again when they built a colassal spire in the middle that was way too big
• 
  

Rayonnant Style of St. Denis

(1231-1281 restoration)

• High pitched gable
• Glazed triforium
• Large clerestory
• Sturdier piers
• New clerestory
• Addition of flying buttresses
  

Cusp

A point or pointed end

Balustrade

A railing

A rail and the row of balusters or posts that support it

Sainte-Chappelle

1243-1248

• LIX's relics
• East end only (no nave)
• 2 stories: lower for public, dedicated to Mary; upper for elite and dedicated to Christ, has slender columns and deep buttresses
• No flying buttresses; all supports come from lower floor
• Lower floor colorful paint is all Viollet le Duc
• Lower level has Christ as Teacher on trumeau; no jamb sculpture - just collonnettes (dadoes)
• 
  

Reliquary of the Cross of Floreffe

After 1254

2-3 foot width

• elements from Sainte-Chappelle, on a smaller scale
• triptych
• Gift from Phillip, Count of Namour to monastery in Floreffe
• Believed to have held a fragment of wood
• Statues a lot like jamb statues
  

Church of St. Urbain, Troyes

Begun 1262

• MANNERIST RAYONNANT: exaggerated Rayonnant style
• Only 2 stories tall
• Quest for great cathedrals comes to an end at Beauvais. Later, Gothic churches tend to be smaller. Urbain is one of those churches.
• Needle-like pinnacles on top of the pier buttresses
• One of the most light-filled Gothic interiors
  

Abbey Church of La Trinite, Vendome

1306-1318

• Here, one can witness in a single building, the transformation from Rayonnant to Flamboyant style
• In choir, Rayonnant style is employed. West facade is Flamboyant, everything else might be in transition period.
  

Saint-Maclou, Rouen

1434-1514

• Curved facade; "faceted."
• Each facet surrounded by a tall, spiky gable
  
• Clear glass
  

"First Four Days of Creation"

1220-1230

• Probably made in Paris
• Eigth medallion with figure holding holy Gospels with other figures praising this book. Centra; figure meant to be the Christian Church.
  

"Historiated initial with scene of David and Bathsheba, from the St. Louis Psalter"

1253-1270

• King David sees Bathsheba bathing and is tempted, he ends up fucking her and gets her pregnant; she is married; King David tries to get her husband back from the battlefield to make it look like she got pregnant from him; husband ends up dying in battle because David ordered his men to leave Bathseba's husband to die; prophet predicts that Bathsheba will have a sick baby; baby is born and dies
  
• Allusion to if King Louie commits a sin, he can ask God to forgive him and he will be forgiven
  

Jean Pucelle, "December," from the Belleville Breviary

c. 1323-1326

• From Paris
• Seasonal things: man swinging axe to get wood for winter
• Old Testament prophet with scroll and another on right hand side
• Left hand prophet is the Hebrew Prophet Zacharia ("I will raise thy sons"), and is handing his scroll to the Christian counterpart on the right ("ressurection," "flesh")

Jean de Noir, "The Three Living and the Three Dead,"from the Prayer Book (Psalter and Hours) of Bonne of Luxembourg

c 1345

• memento mori: a reminder of death and mortality

"Lancet" Gothic

(English Gothic Architecture)

ca. 1200-1250

• Wells Cathedral

"Decorated" Gothic

(English Gothic Architecture)

ca. 1250-1350

Geometric - 1250-1290

Curvilinear - 1290-1350

Salisbury

"Perpendicular" Style

(English Gothic Architecture)

ca. 1350-1550

• Gloucester

An arch place between two walls to prevent them from leaning toward each other

"The scissor arch"

Begun 1184; consecrated 1239

• LANCET STYLE: instead of rose windows, there's only lancets!
  

ca. 1220-1258

• too large and destabalized structure
• long church, no emphasis on heigh
• double transept
• arches are wide yet pointed
  

Matthew Paris, "Self Portrait Kneeling before the Virgin and Child," 1250-1259

• From the Historia Anglorium (English history book)
• Matthew depicts himself so humble so pious
• His style is reliant on the relationship between colors (washes)