Term
|
Definition
| process by which organisms produce offspring |
|
|
Term
| Name the two types of reproduction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genetic information is stored in the ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA is copied during a process called_______________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does DNA replication occur? |
|
Definition
| this process occurs in the nucleus |
|
|
Term
| Name the two examples of asexual reproduction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
occurs in prokaryotic cells (bacteria)
cell splits into two parts
each new cell is identical to the parent cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
occurs in eukaryotic cells
nucleus divides by a process called mitosis
4 stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
Once mitosis is complete, the cell divides into cells that are identical to the parent cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1st stage of mitosis
nuclear envelope disappears
spindle fibers begin to form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2nd stage of mitosis
chromosomes line up along the middle or equator of cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3rd stage of mitosis
Sister chromatids are split and pulled to opposite poles
They are now called individual chromosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
4th stage of mitosis
2 identical nuclei are formed
nuclear envelope reforms around each nuclei |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
occurs after telophase
In animal cells, the cytoplasm pinches in the middle to produce 2 identical cells
In plant cells, a cell plate forms across the middle of the cell and a cell wall replaces the cell plate |
|
|
Term
| What is asexual reproduction? |
|
Definition
production of offspring by a single parent
offspring are genetically identical to the parent |
|
|
Term
| What is sexual reproduction? |
|
Definition
reproduction in which two parent cells join together to form a new individual
The cells involved in sexual reproduction are called sex cells, and they are different from body cells. They have half the number of chromosomes as the body cells. They are haploid. |
|
|
Term
| What do you call the sex cells? |
|
Definition
gametes
They have half the number of chromosomes as the body cells (haploid) |
|
|
Term
| How are sex cells produced? |
|
Definition
by a process known as meiosis
Meiosis is a form of cell division that cuts the number of chromosomes in half |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Labrador retriever can be black, yellow, or brown. Which process makes it possible for two Labrador retrievers to produce offspring of different color? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens during meiosis but not during mitosis? |
|
Definition
| The chromosome number is halved in sex cells. |
|
|
Term
| A human zygote, like most other human cells, contain 46 chromosome. How many chromosomes does a zygote receive from the mother? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sex cells combine during a process called_________________. |
|
Definition
|
|
