Term
| What does the prefix "spondylo" mean? |
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Definition
The prefix means "associated with the vertebrae or the spinal column".
So "Spondyloarthropathies" are joint problems associated with the vertabrae and spinal column. |
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Term
| What are spondyloarthropathies? |
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Definition
| "Spondyloarthropathies" are joint problems associated with the vertabrae and spinal column. |
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Term
| What are the 5 types of spondyloarthropathies? |
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Definition
1:Ankylosing spondylitis;
2:Reactive arthritic (Reiter Syndrome);
3:Enteropathic arthritis (i.e., arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative colitis);
4:Psoriatic arthritis;
5:Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. |
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Term
| What is the cardinal clinical feature of all spondyloarthropathies? |
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Definition
| Inflammation of the sacroiliac joints (sacroilitis) and the spine (spondylitis). Symptoms may include: inflammation of tendon insertion sites, entire digits, 1-4 lower extremity joints. |
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Term
| What are some associated factors of the spondyloarthropathies? |
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Definition
Family history;
eye inflammation (uveititis or conjunctivitis);
absence of rheumatoid factor and subcutaneous nodules. |
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Term
| Cause of spondyloarthropathies? |
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Definition
| Strong genetic association (HLA-B27), but cause is unknown. |
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Term
| HIV is associated with which spondyloarthropathy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Genitourinary infections are associated with which spondyloarthropathy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pathophysiology of the spondyloarthropathies? |
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Definition
| Inflammation originates at bone/cartilage interface in sacroiliac joint and bone fibrocartilage insertion sites. Macrophages, CD4 and CD8 T cells are present. Proinflammatory cytokine TNF alpha is abundant. Synovial tissue becomes inflamed. Osteoclasts are activated, leading to bone resorption, joint inflammation. Then osteoblast activity predominates, leading to new bone formation. Ultimately boney fusion of joints occurs. |
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