Term
| Aside from Earth, the terrestrial planets are ____________. |
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Definition
| a. Mars, Mercury, and Venus |
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Term
| The gas giant, or Jovian, planets are ____________. |
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Definition
| c. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune |
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| Our Sun belongs to a galaxy known as ____________. |
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Definition
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| Comets are primarily a mixture of ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In 2006, the International Astronomical Union produced a major announcement concerning Pluto. What was it? |
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Definition
| c. Pluto has been officially demoted from its former status as one of nine major planets in our solar system. |
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Term
| An ancient Greek philosopher concluded (correctly) that the ____________. |
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Definition
| a. Earth was spherical (round) |
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Term
| Who first discovered four moons belonging to Jupiter, proving conclusively that some bodies do not orbit around the Earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| An important contribution made by Copernicus is his (correct) assertion that the ____________. |
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Definition
| c. Sun was the center of the Earth’s orbit |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT true about the Kuiper Belt? |
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Definition
| d. Pluto and Eris are now both considered planets. |
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Term
| A ____________ transmits energy from one point to another in the form of periodic motions and is defined by both the distance between this periodic motions ( __________ ) and the number of them that pass a fixed point in a given time interval ( ___________ ). |
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Definition
| d. wave; wavelength; frequency |
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Term
| In agreement with the Big Bang theory, our Universe is ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| In our current understanding of the Big Bang, ____________. |
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Definition
| b. the Universe is considerably older than Earth |
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Term
| Researchers have determined that the Universe began expanding subsequent to the Big Bang. When did this event occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Strong evidence that the Universe is expanding comes from the fact that the light emitted from distant galaxies appears to be ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Waves that are “blue shifted” have shorter wavelengths than those that are “red shifted.” (true or false) |
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Definition
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Term
| Around 1929, Hubble and other astronomers discovered that the light of distant galaxies displayed red shifts relative to the light of nearby stars. This means that ___________________ . |
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Definition
a. all distant galaxies are moving away from Earth at an immense velocity
c. the whole Universe is expanding
**e. A and C are both correct. |
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Term
| First generation stars tend to be _________________________ . |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The Hubble Telescope took this photo in 2009 of an object 7,500 light years away. What is it?
b. nebulae
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Term
| By far the most common elements in the Universe and in our solar system are ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Differentiation of the core from the mantle early in Earth’s history was possible because the planet was ____________ at the time. |
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Definition
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Term
| The metal alloy that makes up the core of Earth is ____________, as compared to the rocky mantle. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| b. dipole (such as that produced by a bar magnet) |
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Term
| If one were to ride a hot air balloon up into the atmosphere, one would experience the concentration of gases ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Leftovers from the protoplanetery disk that formed our Solar System after the Big Bang can be found where? |
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Definition
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Term
| As seismic (earthquake-generated) waves travel downward and reach the Moho, they ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| An aurora is produced when ____________. |
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Definition
| a. solar wind particles are directed toward the poles and excite atmospheric gases |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT true about comets and asteroids? |
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Definition
| d. Both are composed of rock and ice |
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Term
| Substances that can be transformed to a gas at relatively low temperatures are termed ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Hydrocarbons, such as petroleum and natural gas, are classified as ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Topographically, most of the ocean floor is made up of ____________. |
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Definition
| b. ocean plains (2.5–4.5 km below sea level) |
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Term
| Which of the following is most representative of Earth’s hydrosphere? |
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Definition
| b. surficial freshwater, the oceans, groundwater, and atmospheric water |
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Term
| in the whole Earth, the four most common elements are oxygen, silicon, magnesium, and ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| If you were measuring the elevation of a mountain, you would be measuring variation in__________, whereas if you were doing the same on a mid-ocean ridge, you would be measuring variation in ___________. |
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Definition
| d. topography; bathymetry |
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