Term
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Definition
| Pathway by which glucose can be made from non-carbohydrate precursors such as amino acids, lactate, and glycerol |
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Term
| In what organs of the body does gluconeogenesis occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where in the cell does gluconeogenesis occur? |
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Definition
| Mainly in the cytosol but also partly in the mitochondria |
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Term
| The conversion of which molecules prevent gluconeogenesis from being a simple reversal of glycolysis? |
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Definition
-Pyruvate to Phosphoenolpyruvate
-Fructose 1,6-phosphate to Fructose 6-phosphate
-Glucose 6-phosphate to glucose |
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Term
| How is pyruvate converted to phosphoenolpyruvate? |
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Definition
| For pyruvate to be converted to phosphoenolpyruvate it must be first converted to oxaloacetate by pyruvate carboylase, which uses one ATP. Oxaloacetate is then converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by PEP carboxylase which uses a GTP. |
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Term
| How is pyruvate carboxylase regulated? |
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Definition
| Pyruvate carboxylase requires the mitochondrial coenzyme biotin. Acetyle CoA is also a strong + allosteric activator of pyruvate carboxylase. Acetyl CoA is produced by FA oxidation and accumulation signals availabilyty of FA's as a fuel. |
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