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| Abbreviation for the Latin Anno Domini which means “in the year of our Lord.” It refers to the years after Jesus’ birth. The non-religious equivalent term is C.E. (Common Era). |
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| The patriarch (see below) and ancestor (forefather) of the Jews who lived about 4,000 years ago. He was a man of faith with whom God made a covenant (see below). He is also important to Christians and Muslims. |
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| The first man and woman created by God to reflect God. |
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| A platform used for religious sacrifice and/or worship. |
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| One of the Protestant churches; it is the main church of England. |
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| To pour or rub olive oil on someone or something to honour or appoint that person or thing to some special work. |
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| 1. A large boat which carried Noah and his immediate family and many animals through the flood. 2. The wooden chest containing the tablets bearing the 10 Commandments received by Moses. |
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| The years “before Christ’s birth”. The non-religious equivalent term is B.C.E. (Before the Common Era). |
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| The sacred book of Christians made up of the Old and New Testaments. |
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| Cain was the first child of Adam and Eve, and became the first murderer when he killed his brother Abel. |
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| The land of promise to which Moses led the children of Israel. |
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| A follower of Jesus Christ. |
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| The community of Christians. |
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| The removal of a baby boy’s foreskin to symbolise God’s covenant with the people of Israel. |
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| Laws for right living, particularly the 10 Commandments given by God to Moses. |
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| A holy agreement between God and people which is binding. |
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| God bringing everything into existence and keeping it going. |
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| Jew taken captive with his people in Babylon who became an adviser to kings and the recipient of visions of the future. |
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| Jewish shepherd boy who became Israel’s greatest king (from about 1000-960 B.C), wrote many Psalms (songs), loved God, and led many military victories. |
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| Country in Africa below Canaan (see Israel); a powerful Empire ruled by Pharaoh, which had many slaves including the Hebrews (Jews). |
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| Isaac’s older son who sold his birthright to his twin brother Jacob and lost his father’s blessing. |
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| A Jewish orphan girl who prevented the Persian king’s favourite, Haman, from massacring all Persian Jews. |
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| A prolonged, often enforced, living away from one’s country. |
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| The key event when Moses led his people to freedom out of their slavery in Egypt; also, the name of the second book of the Bible which describes this event. |
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| A belief in what is considered to be true, and a commitment to that. |
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| A group of like-minded believers who gather together. |
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| School motto; Latin for “The (Christian) faith must be kept.” |
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| The oldest son of a father, who held an honoured position in the family and was the one who took over running the household. |
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| A list of people who belong to a family or tribe, which includes names and ages. |
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| A type of literary or artistic form (eg writing, music, art, movie). |
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| A person who is not a Jew. |
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| One of Israel’s greatest judges (warrior ruler) who united the people together, but refused to be their king. |
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| The personal Creator of the universe and everything that exists, and the One who longs for the obedience of humans. |
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| The free and undeserved gift of God’s love and favour that transforms everything. |
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| The realm of God and the destiny of believers after the Last Judgement. |
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| 1. Another name for Jew. 2. The language of the Jews and their scriptures. |
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| A term preferred by some for the books Christians call the Old Testament. |
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| Ultimate separation from God, the confirmation of the sinner’s own choice. |
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| A person noted for a great act of courage or a worthy purpose, especially someone who has risked his or her life. |
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| Second of the patriarchs (see below) of Israel, only son of Abraham and Sarah, father of Esau and Jacob. |
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| The homeland of the Jews; the name coming from Jacob, one of the founders of the Jewish race. |
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| Son of Isaac and Rebecca. Despite being rather sneaky, God blessed him giving him the name Israel. His children became leaders of the 12 tribes of Israel (see below under “tribe”). He lived sometime in the 18th century B.C. |
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| Ancient city in Palestine which is sacred to Jews, Christians, and Muslims. |
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| A Jewish prophet who reluctantly preached God’s message of mercy to his enemies. |
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| Winding river of Palestine, descending from the mountains of Syria through the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea. |
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| Son of Jacob (see above) and his wife Rachel. His brothers sold him into slavery in Egypt, where he was eventually made chief minister. He lived sometime in the 17th century B.C. |
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| Jewish leader who succeeded Moses as the head of the invasion of Canaan (see above). |
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| The religion of the Jewish people, the oldest of the world’s monotheistic (see below) faiths. |
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| God is just- he does what is right and true. His justice is giving to others what they deserve: reward or punishment (see below). |
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| First wife of Jacob (see above) and the ancestor of five of the 12 tribes of Israel. |
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| A title for God. It can be a polite address to a superior person. |
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| People who die violent deaths for holding to their faith. |
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| An unusual event which is seen as a particularly important act of God within nature and human lives. |
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| Belief in one, and only one, God, as opposed to polytheistic (belief in many gods). |
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| Hebrew (Jewish) lawgiver, leader and prophet who led the Israelites out of Egypt. He lived some time between 1500-1200 B.C. |
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| The nickname of Kentigern. |
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| A faithful man whom God saved from the judgement of a flood by telling him to build an ark which housed his family and two of every creature found on earth. |
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| A family of Christian churches found mainly in Eastern Europe which split from the Roman Catholic Church about 1,000 years ago. All Orthodox churched are headed by the Patriarch of Constantinople and reject the claims of the Pope. |
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| Israelite festival (around April) which celebrates the freeing of the Hebrews from their captivity in Egypt. |
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| The title for a founding father of the Jews: Abraham, Isaac or Jacob. |
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| Ancient Egyptian title of the king. |
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| Addressing God with spoken or unspoken words. |
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| One of the Protestant churches; it is the main church of Scotland. |
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| One who represents the people before God and the other way around (God before the people). |
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| God’s pledge to his people to do something good for them; part of God making a covenant (see Covenant). |
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| Cannan or Palestine, promised to Abraham (see above) and his descendants, and accepted by the Hebrew people as God’s special gift. |
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| Speaking forth God’s message with his help. It can, but need not involve prediction. |
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| A person who proclaims a message from God. |
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| A non-(Roman) Catholic Christian; believes in the priesthood of all believers, the authority of the Bible, and salvation by faith. |
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| God’s consequences (or “tough love”) which helps to make people more responsible and mature. |
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| Where God saves or rescues a person or people who are in some trouble. |
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| Made up of a set of beliefs, actions, and emotions, both personal and in a group, organised around the concept of an ultimate reality. |
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| Turning away from sin and toward God. |
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| God returning his people to a right relationship with him, including a return to homeland, and a time of good rule and peace. |
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| Where God specially communicates his will and purposes to humans. |
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| A worldwide body of Christians led by the Pope at Rome and a hierarchy of priests who administer Church rites. It is by far the largest Christian community. |
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| Moabite woman who cared for her Jewish mother-in-law, Naomi, who she accompanied back to Judah. |
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| The Jewish seventh day of the week (from sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday), a holy day on which no work is permitted. |
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| Something offered to God to make things right with Him again. |
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| The forgiveness of sin, reconciliation with God, healing, and the gift of a new life in the Kingdom of God. |
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| Legendary Jewish warrior (about 1070-1010 B.C.) who won many victories against his enemies. |
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| Jewish hero of the 11th century B.C. who worked as a priest, judge (ruler), prophet and military leader. He was involved in Israel getting a king. |
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| First king of Israel (about 1025 B.C.) who ruled fairly well, but killed himself after being defeated by his enemies. |
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| A person who wrote documents for others or copied written material. |
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| Manuscript wound in a roll. Many Scriptures (see above) were originally written on scrolls. |
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| Where things are put apart or detached from one another. |
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| Going against what God wants for us. |
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| A picture, word or thing that bears a certain meaning for a person or group. |
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| A building set apart for the worship of God. It was the Temple that made Jerusalem so important to many Jewish people. |
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| A situation where a person is enticed into doing something that is wrong, forbidden, etc. |
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| In a limited sense, a term referring to the Law, the Pentateuch (=first 5 books of the Old Testament), but more broadly it is used of the entire Old Testament. |
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| Group of people descended from one of Jacob’s (see above) twelve sons: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, Benjamin, Gad, Asher, Dan, and Naphtali. |
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| Deep respect, honour, praise and service shown to God. |
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