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Glossary of AP terms
ap english language and composition words
34
English
11th Grade
04/30/2006

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Term
allegory
Definition
device of using character and story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction to the literal meaning. for example, the author may intend the characters to personify and abstraction like hope/ freedom
Term
alliteration
Definition
repetition of sounds.
Term
allusion
Definition
direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known.
Term
ambiguity
Definition
multiple meanings of a word, phrase snetance or passage
Term
anaphora
Definition
devices of repetition which the same expression is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines
Term
anecdote
Definition
a short narrative referring to an incident in the life of a person
Term
antecedent
Definition
the word phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun
Term
aphorism
Definition
a terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle. a memorable summation of the author's point
Term
apostrophe
Definition
directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or live.
Term
clause
Definition
a grammatical unit that ocntains both a subject and a verb
Term
colloquial/colloquialism
Definition
use of slang or informalities in speech or writing
Term
coherence
Definition
what makes a text semantically meaningful
Term
conceit
Definition
In literary terms, a conceit is an extended metaphor with a complex logic that governs an entire poem or poetic passage. By juxtaposing images and ideas in surprising ways, a conceit invites the reader into a more sophisticated understanding of an object of comparison.
Term
connotation
Definition
the nonliteral associative meaning of a word; implied suggestive meaning
Term
denotation
Definition
strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of emotion
Term
didactic
Definition
teaching or instructing
Term
euphemism
Definition
a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept.
Term
exposition
Definition
to explain something
Term
generic conventions
Definition
traditions for each genre, help to define each.
Term
homily
Definition
sermon; serious talk; speech
Term
hyperbole
Definition
a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement
Term
loose sentance
Definition
This sentence is a basic statement with a string of details added to it.
Term
periodic sentance
Definition
THE PERIODIC SENTENCE: In this sentence, additional details are placed before the basic statement. Delay, of course, is the secret weapon of the periodic sentence.
Term
onomatopoeia
Definition
a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in words
Term
parallelism
Definition
grammatical or rhetorical framing of words or paragraphs to give structural similarity
Term
pedantic
Definition
an adjective that describes words, phrases or general tone that is overly scholarly
Term
predicate adjective
Definition
one type of subject complement, an adjective, group of adjectives or clause that follows a linking verb
Term
predicate nominative
Definition
a second type of subject complement -- a noun group of nouns or noun clause that renames the subject
Term
rhetorical modes
Definition
describes the variety and purpose of major kinds of writing
Term
subject complement
Definition
the word or clause that follows a linking verb. comletes the sentence by either renaming it or describing it
Term
subordinate clause
Definition
dependent clause
Term
syllogism
Definition
all men are mortal, socrates is a man, socrates is mortal.
Term
syntax
Definition
the way an author chooses to join words into phrases clauses and sentances. sentance structure
Term
undertone
Definition
an attitude that may lie under the ostensible tone of the piece.
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