Term
| focal glomeruloneprhtitis |
|
Definition
| only few gloemruli abnormal |
|
|
Term
| diffuse gloemrliar nerphtitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proliferative glomerunerphtitis |
|
Definition
| more than 100 nuceil i naffected cgloemruli |
|
|
Term
| membarnous glomerulonepropathy |
|
Definition
| thick gbm no proliferatie change |
|
|
Term
| mebranorpoflierative gloemrulonerphtiits |
|
Definition
| thick gbm, hypercellualr gloemruli |
|
|
Term
| focal segmental glomeruloscelrosis |
|
Definition
| fibrosis involving only asegmetn of involved glomerulus |
|
|
Term
| crescentic glomeruloneprhtitis |
|
Definition
| prolfieration of parietal epithealialcelsaorudn gloemrulus |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| anti-gbm disease- good pastures - |
|
|
Term
| lumpy bumpy pattern of IF |
|
Definition
| indiecates imunocomplxdeposistion in gloemrulus |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| presents in all nephrotic syndromes- page 413D |
|
|
Term
| Immunecomplexes pathogenesis |
|
Definition
| activate c5a-> attracts neutrophils. |
|
|
Term
| Nephritic sydnroem primary mechanism of damage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lwo comeplemetn levels associated with |
|
Definition
| diffuse nephritic idsroders |
|
|
Term
| enphrtoic sydnrome classic syptoms |
|
Definition
| hypoalbumininemia, 3.5g/24 hours proteinuria, lipiduria, hyperlipidemia, edema |
|
|
Term
| edema of neprhotic sydnrome rpomotes, |
|
Definition
| ADH, and aldosterone secretion ,elading to MORE edema |
|
|
Term
| nephrotic sydnroem m.o. injury and effect |
|
Definition
| cyotkiens injury to podcytes- leadign to loss of negative charge of GBm and podocyte fusion. |
|
|
Term
| effects of losso fo protein in nephrotic sydnrome |
|
Definition
icnreased caoguability (loss of ATIII),
Hypogamaglobulinemia- due to loss of gamma-globulisn in urine |
|
|
Term
| msot common nephrotic disease inc hildren |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| association of minimal change disease with |
|
Definition
| hodkins lymphoma, preceeding URI. |
|
|
Term
| minimal change light microscopy and IF |
|
Definition
| look normal , nothing there |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fusion of podocytes, b ut NO depostis seen |
|
|
Term
| minimal change disease prognosis |
|
Definition
| good,rearely pr ogresses to esrd |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most common priamry gloemrular disroder leadign ot ESRD. Common among HIV patients, iV heroine use. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| granular deposits of IGM and c3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, hypertension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| poor, commonly rpogresses to CRF. |
|
|
Term
| membranosu glomeruneprotpathy |
|
Definition
| most common cause of nephrotic sydnrome in adults. usually idioapthic. |
|
|
Term
| women with membarnous glomeruneproptahty hsa |
|
Definition
| SLE, unti lrpoven othewise |
|
|
Term
| light miscrocopy of membranosu gleomeruo |
|
Definition
| thickened membrane , with no incresei cellularity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| granular deposits. of igg and c3 |
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|
Term
| EM of membarnosu gloemruloneproapthy |
|
Definition
| Em subepithelial deposites engulfed by BM, creating spikes onsilver stain. |
|
|
Term
| m typephospholipae a2 recepytor marker |
|
Definition
| marker of idiopathic membarnosu glgeomerunepropathy ONLY the idiopathic form |
|
|
Term
| elements requierd for MN to occur |
|
Definition
| antibody dep in subeptihelial location, compelment activaiton, c5b-9 (MAC) formation, and disabled regulatory rpoteins for cell defense. |
|
|
Term
| diabetes mellitus glomerunepropathy |
|
Definition
| usually diffuse glomeruloscelrosis sometimes nodular glomerulosclerosis. |
|
|
Term
| nodular gloemrulosclerosis rpevalcnee amogn diabetics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diabetic gloemrulosclerosis is usually preceeded by |
|
Definition
| diabetic retinopathy- without retinopathy, unlikely that it is of diabetic origin |
|
|
Term
| diabetic gloemrulosclerosis correlates wel wltih |
|
Definition
| presence of htn and poor glycemic contorl |
|
|
Term
| pathogenesis of diabetic glomerulosclerosis , proteinuria |
|
Definition
nonenzymatic glycsolation fo gbm increases its permeability ,
NEG also produced the hyalien arteriolsoclerosis- specifically to the efferent arteriole. |
|
|
Term
| damage to capillary endotheliall cells in diabetic glomerular cause |
|
Definition
| conversion of glucose to sorbitol inside celsl which is ostmotically active and absorbs water itno cels. |
|
|
Term
| prgoression of diabetic gloemrulosclerosis |
|
Definition
| 4 stages: clincally silent disease with hyeprifltration and supranormal GFR (due to hyaline arteriloscleroriss). then siletn diseaese with microalbuminuiar, then heavy proteinuira and decline i nGFR. |
|
|
Term
| diabetic mciroangiopathy is due to |
|
Definition
| icnreased deposition of type IV collagen. |
|
|
Term
| first labrotory amngiestation fo labroterory diabeteric gloemrulo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prescription whe microabluminuria is present in diabetic gloemrulo |
|
Definition
| ACei nhibitor to coutner ATIII effects on constriciton of efferent arterile |
|
|
Term
| miscroscopic findings of diabetic glomerulo |
|
Definition
| efferent haylien arteriolosclerosis, nodular masss in mesangial matrix due ot incresaed type IV colaglen dep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soluble proteins aggregate and deposite as insolbule fibrils. initailly starting with a misfoldign event. |
|
|
Term
| primary amyloid caused by |
|
Definition
| (AL)light chain rpoduced yb clonal palsma cels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| AA . serum amyloid A, porduced yb lvier as aacute phase reactant in resposne to longstanding iflammation. |
|
|
Term
| amyloidosis on light microscopy |
|
Definition
| amorohpous hyalien deposits , nodular apeparance- similiar to DM. Green birefringence with congro red . |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| poor, most dyign of cardiac, renal failure or infeciton. |
|
|
Term
| defnitive diagnosis of renalamylodisosis |
|
Definition
| renal biopsy (may be clued in via protein electrophoresis) |
|
|
Term
| pathogenesis of preeclampsia |
|
Definition
| (nephrotic) decreased diamter of spira larteries suipplying blood to placenta= impaired trophoblast invasion= placental sichemia and imapired prostaglandin metabolism- intravascular coagulation adn vasoconstriction. |
|
|
Term
| histological changes of preeclampsia |
|
Definition
| glomeular endothelial ce lswelling. adn subendothelial deposition of hyalin and fibrin like material. |
|
|
Term
| nephritic syndroem clinical featuers |
|
Definition
| hypertension due to salt retension, periorbital puffiness-- salt retention, hematuria, rbc casts. |
|
|
Term
| nephrotic syndrome clinical features |
|
Definition
| protienuria more htan 3.5g/24 hours. pitting edema and ascited due to hyopoalubminemia. fatty casts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nephritic,most ocmmon cause of priamry gloemruloneprhitis |
|
|
Term
| iga neprophaty paghtoegenesis |
|
Definition
| ifnecitous atnigen bidns to igA- the complex then binds to fibronectum and gets trapepdi nmesangium |
|
|
Term
| LIght micrsocopy igA gloemrulo |
|
Definition
| focal prolifertiave areas of glomernproptahy- masangial matrix icnreasen adn ceullarity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dense deposits in mesagnium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| frequent activation of alternative comeplement pathway with c3. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| episocidc bouts of hemautria 9both microscopic or gorsss) usually follwing URI. very slow progression to CRF in half of cases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IGa gleomrulo association wtih arhtirits, vasculitis, and nonthormcytopenci prupura. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ,nephritic x- linekd ocnodition, mostly in males |
|
|
Term
| alports sydnroem characteristic defect |
|
Definition
| mutation of type Iv collagen (alpha 5 chain). with antibodies to type IV colalgen in GBM. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| irregular thiceknign adn splitting of lamina densai nBM |
|
|
Term
| alport syndroem clnical pciture |
|
Definition
| microscopichematuria, proetineuaria and seosniirneural hearing lsos. |
|
|
Term
| post streptococcal glomeruneprhittis time period |
|
Definition
| l week to 3 weeks after inefction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffuse prolfierative- icnreases mesnagial and neutorphillic hyeprcelullarity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hemturia following 1-3 weeks streptococal ifnection. more common in chidlren. have some hypoclomplementemia, but usually resovles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most commonly caused by strep or staph. presents with fevere , mailase ,hepatosplenomgaly, may remeslbe PsGN (this sliden ot htat important) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(nephritic) imunoglobulinwhich precipiatate in cold and sidssovle with warming of serum. Usually anti IgG antibodies forming immuncomplexes withIgG- leading to MPGN.
Diansois amde via systemic complaints ( there are plenty of extrarenal manifestations that precipitate , years before renal manfiestations), and cryoglobuin levels. (not that important slide) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (nephritic) usually young adults, mostly idiopathic. can be seen with hep C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subendothelial deposits pronounced cellualr prolif |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
deposits throughout bm and less celluarity.
associated with nephrtic factor- auto Ab anti-C3convertase- sustained activaiton fo C3 resulting in very low levels. |
|
|
Term
| mpgn light light micrsocopy/EM |
|
Definition
| mesangial depotis and proliferation. see cytoplasmic extnesions of mesangial cells in between capillary BM. split basement mebrane - tram track effect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| typical nephriticpicture that progresses to enprhotic sydnrome and ESRD. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ( nephritic) rapi losso f renal function oprogression to ARF quickly and poor prognosis |
|
|
Term
| RPGn hischotlica l characteritic |
|
Definition
| proliferative GN with , fibrocelualr changes in Bowmans space. |
|
|
Term
| three tyeps of RPGN distinguished by IF |
|
Definition
| granular Immune compl deposition, ribbon like deposition of Anti-GBm antibody, and the last have no immuen ocmpelx dep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
seroanalysis to detemrien whether ANCA, ANti BM autoantibodies, or Immune ocmplexes.
If ANCA psoitive and you see systemic necrotizign arteritis is is polyarterits nodosa.
if you ANCA positive nad you see poulmoanry necrotizing granuloams it isi Wegenrs granuloamtosis.
if Anti GBm autoantiboides postiive and postiive for lung hemmorhage it is good pastures .
If is immune complex postiive and its anti dina ab- it is SLe, if anti strep ab- it is psgn, if cryblobulin positive it is cryoglobulinaema. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
seroanalysis to detemrien whether ANCA, ANti BM autoantibodies, or Immune ocmplexes.
If ANCA psoitive and you see systemic necrotizign arteritis is is polyarterits nodosa.
if you ANCA positive nad you see poulmoanry necrotizing granuloams it isi Wegenrs granuloamtosis.
if Anti GBm autoantiboides postiive and postiive for lung hemmorhage it is good pastures .
If is immune complex postiive and its anti dina ab- it is SLe, if anti strep ab- it is psgn, if cryblobulin positive it is cryoglobulinaema. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pmns are stimualted to release anca antigen by viral ifenciton. ANCA attaches and degrades PMN-resuling in ROS release from PMN- leadingto vascular injury.
DAMGE WITHOTU IMMUEN COMPLX DEP. |
|
|
Term
| calssification of lupus neprhittis |
|
Definition
( nephritic)class I - noram llight microscopy mesangial immuen deposits. class II- classI plus mesagnial expansion and hyeprcellularity.
Class III- focal proliferative, class IV- difuse prolfierative
classs V- irregular bm thickening in combo with III/IV.
class VI- advancd dlomerular sclerosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most commolnly difufsep rolfieraitive.
granular immunofloruesece.
Eubendothelial immuen complx deposition. |
|
|
Term
| tyep fo antibodies in SLE |
|
Definition
| antidna antibody complxies. |
|
|
Term
| THrombotic microangiopathy mechanism |
|
Definition
| damge of vascualr endothelium leadsto palteletaggregation and hemolytic anemia secodnary to shearing of rbcs squeeing through these narrowed vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignat hypertension, autoimune disorders,emdications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defect in Metalloproteinase ADAMtS-13, leadginto fialure to degrade ultra-large VOn WIlelbrand factor- leads to platelt aggregation, thrombus formation in microcirculation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dplus (typical), with diarrhea, and d-, without diarrhea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| preceded by rpodrome of blodoy diarhea and abd pain due to infeciton wtih salmonella, shigella, and verotoxin producing strains of e. coli. |
|
|
Term
| hUS/ttp miscroscopci apeparnace |
|
Definition
| endothelial cel swelling of gloemrulus. wdiend subendothelial cel lspace- with fibirn and lipids- capiallary lumin occlusded with patletl rich thrombi. |
|
|
Term
| hUS/TTP clinical features |
|
Definition
| thrombocytopenia, non-immune hemolytic anemia |
|
|
Term
| THIn bM disease clincial features/micsroscopy |
|
Definition
"benign familiarh ematuria".
thign GBMS but normal renal funciton, with persistent microscopic hematuria |
|
|
Term
| two most ocmmo ncauses of chornic gloemrulonephritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| last table , slide is extremley helpful in this lecture |
|
Definition
|
|
