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| The line of latitude which is divided into North and South Korea. |
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A document that was written by Martin Luther detailing with what he believed to be the problems in the medieval Church.
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Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258)
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He ruled the family of the Islamic Empire during its golden age. This dynasty is responsible for many achievements.
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This person is the first patriarch in the Bible. He is considered by Jewish people as the father of the Israelites.
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| A political system in which a country is ruled by a monarch, who has absolute control. |
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| Rain that contains pollutants due to the burning of fossil fuels. It is damaging to the environment. |
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| Chinese method of treating disorders by inserting needles into the skin. |
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| A change made to survive an environment or to overcome a disadvantage. |
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African National Congress
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| A group formed in protest of the policy of Apartheid in South Africa. |
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| Three African kingdoms, Ghana, Mali, and Songhai that were important in the trans-Sahara trade of gold from the west coast of Africa to North Africa and the Middle East. |
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| Dutch descended colonist living in South Africa. Also called Boers. |
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| Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. |
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| This term was given to describe the Enlightenment. |
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| Term given to describe the Renaissance. |
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A change in farming methods that allowed for a greater production of food. This revolution was fueled by the use of new farming technology such as the seed drill and improved fertilizers. |
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| The cultivating of land, producing of crops, and raising of livestock for human consumption. |
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| In Hinduism, it is the principal of non violence against all living things. |
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| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. A disease of the human immune system caused by the HIV retrovirus. |
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Akbar the Great (1542-1605)
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| Emperor of the Mughal Empire in India. He is considered to be their greatest ruler. He is responsible for the expansion of his empire, the stability his administration gave to it, and the increasing of trade and cultural diffusion. |
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Alexander the Great (356 BCE-323 BCE)
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| He conquered most of the ancient world from Asia Minor to Egypt and India, which began the Hellenistic culture which was a blending of Greek, Persian, Indian, and Egyptian influences. |
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A branch of mathematics pioneered by Islamic mathematician Al-Khwarizimi in which letters are used to represent unknown numbers to generalize arithmetic. |
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| The Islamic mathematician who pioneered the study of algebra. |
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| Alliance of Great Britain, Soviet Union, United States, and France during World War II. |
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Islamic terrorist organization led by Osama bin Laden. They are responible for numerous terrorist attacks, including the destruction of the World Trade Center buildings in New York City.
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| President of Egypt between 1970 and 1981. He was assassinated by Islamic fundmentalists for making peace with Israel. |
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American Revolution
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| Political revolution in the British North American Colonies starting in 1776 that removed the colonies from Great Britain's control, and established an independent nation known as the United States of America. |
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| President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979. His brutal regime resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of people, as well as the near total ruin of Uganda. He was overthrown and exiled to Saudi Araboa in 1979. |
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Amritsar Massacre
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| On April 3rd of 1919, British soldiers killed close to 400 unarmed Indian men, women, and children, and wounded 1,100 more. |
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| Collection of moral and social teachings of Confucius, including the concept of the Five Relationships. |
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the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts |
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the custom of venerating deceased ancestors who are considered still a part of the family and whose spirits are believed to have the power to intervene in the affairs of the living
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| the belief that all plants, animals, and objects have spirits |
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| tending to prevent, inhibit, or destroy life |
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| the hatred of people of jewish descent |
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| a former social system in South Africa in which black people and people from other racial groups did not have the same political and economic rights as white people and were forced to live separately from white people |
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| an agent that helps prevent or reduce infection in wounds |
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| the policy of pacifying an aggressive nation in the hopes of avoiding further conflict |
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A watercourse constructed to convey water.
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| a language that is official in several countries of North Africa and the Middle East |
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| a written number system created during the Gupta golden age in India |
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| land that is able to support the growing of crops |
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Yasir Arafat
(1929-Present)
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| President of the Palestine National Authority and Chairman of the Palestinian Liberation Organization |
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| a curved structure that shapes the edge of an open space |
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Archimedes
(287-212 BCE)
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| Greek mathematician and inventor. He wrote works on plane and solid geometry, arithmetic, and mechanics. Best known for the lever and pulley. |
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| A grop or chain of islands. |
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| a person who designs buildings |
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Aristarchus
(310-250 BCE)
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| Greek scientist who first stated that the Earth revolved around the Sun, and rotated on its axis. |
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| a person who is skilled at a craft, such as weaving, or woodcarving |
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| Nomadic warriors from Central Asia who migrated into India around 1500 BCE. |
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| Taiwan, Singpore, Hong Kong, and South Asia. These nations have experienced rapid economic growth and prosperity due to industralization, and were aligned both politically, and economically with the West throughout the Cold War. |
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Asoka
(268-232 BCE)
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| King of the Maurya dynasty. He ruled nearly the entire subcontinent of India. He also was instrumental in the spread of Buddhism after his conversion. |
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| The killing of a political leader or other public figure. |
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Association of Southeast Asian Nations
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| Multinational organization that cooperates economically by lowering trade barriers, such as, tariffs, to encourage commerce between member nations. |
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| A device used to determine latitude by observing the altitude and position of the sun or other start or planet. |
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| A person who specializes in the study of astronomical bodies. |
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| Dam across the Nile River in Egypt. Created Lake Nassar and helps to create more farmland. Built between 1960 and 1970. |
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Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
(1881-1938)
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| Nationalist leader of Turkey who is responsible for modernizing and westernizing his country after World War I. This enabled Turkey to resist imperialist attempts at takeover by various European powers. |
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| In Hinduism, the human soul. |
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Augustus
(63 BCE – 14 CE)
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| First emperor of Rome (27 BCE – 14 CE) He restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar. |
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Austro-Hungarian Empire
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| Also known as Austria-Hungary, or the Hapsburg Empire, as it was ruled by the Habsburg monarchy from 1867 to 1918. Austria-Hungary extended over most of central Europe. It was composed the modern day countries of Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic, as well as parts of present-day Poland, Romania, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. |
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| Alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II. |
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Ayatollah Khomeini
(1900-1989) |
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| Islamic religious leader who led a fundamentalist revolution in Iran in 1979. Ruled until 1989. |
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| A Mesoamerican civilization of Mexico who created a strong empire that flourished between the 14th and 15th century. The arrival of Hernando Cortez and the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire. |
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| A political policy in which countries attempt to preserve peace by keeping an equal military and economic status. |
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| A promise made by British Prime Minister Balfour to create a homeland for the Jewish people. |
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| A business that exchanges currencies, makes loans, and keeps the money of individual depositors. |
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Baron de Montesquieu
(1689-1755) |
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| Enlightenment thinker from France who wrote a book called, The Spirit of the Laws in 1748. In his book, Montesquieu describes what he considers to be the best government. He states that government should divide itself according to its powers, creating a Judicial, Legislative, and Executive branch. Montesquieu explained that under this system each branch would Check and Balance the others, which would help protect the people's liberty. |
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| The exchange of goods or services for other goods or services. |
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Batista, Fulgencio
(1901-1973)
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| Cuban president from 1940 to 1944 and 1952 to 1959. He was responsible for some reforms in the country before leaving office for the first time. Later, he overthrew the legitimate government and ruled as a dictator until he was forced from office by Fidel Castro. |
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| The massive air war against Great Britain by the Nazi war machine in Germany. Nearly nightly bombings occurred between summer of 1940 and summer of 1941 before German withdrew. Great Britain fought alone during this year and never gave up. |
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An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, which was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro.
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| Date designation meaning Before Common Era, or more than two thousand years ago. |
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| A re-supply operation to the city of Berlin that lasted 11 months during 1948-49 when the Soviet Union attempted to close off the city. |
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Bell, Alexander Graham
(1847-1922)
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He is the American inventor of the telephone.
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Ben-Gurion, David
(1886-1973) |
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| This person is the first Prime Minister of Israel. |
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Berlin Conference
(1884-1885) |
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| During European Imperialism, various European leaders met in Berlin, Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa peacefully. These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans. This began the process of imperializing Africa. |
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| A wall built in 1961 dividing Soviet controlled East Berlin from the democratic West Berlin. It was destroyed when communism ended in 1990. |
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Sir Henry Bessemer
(1813-1898) |
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| An inventor who developed a more cost efficient process for making steel. |
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| A Hindu holy book where the god Krishna teaches the importance of selflessness, performing religious duties, and of devotion to God. |
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| A document purchased from a bank that allowed a person to travel without having to carry large amounts of money. Worked like a modern check. |
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