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Gianetti's Film Terms
Definitions from Understanding Movies
33
Film, Theatre & Television
Undergraduate 3
07/23/2013

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Term
Closed Form
Definition
frame exploited to suggest self sufficient universe
Term
Extreme Long Shot
Definition
panoramic view of ext location from a great distance. 1/4 mile
Term
Deep Focus Long Shot
Definition
all distance planes clearly in focus. CU to infinity
Term
Establishing Shot
Definition
shot given at the begining of the scene which offers context. usually extrem long or long shot
Term
full shot
Definition
frames the full human body. head at top, feet at bottom
Term
Extreme close up
Definition
minutely detailed view of object or person, only eyes or mouth.
Term
close up
Definition
detailed view of a person or object. only actor's head
Term
crane shots
Definition
shot taken from a crane that moves the camera and cinematographer v. anywhere
Term
birds eye view shot
Definition
shot taken from directly over head
Term
eye level shot
Definition
placement of the camera 5-6 ft above ground, corresponds to height of the observer
Term
dolly/tracking shot
Definition
shot taken from a moving vehicle
Term
aerial shot
Definition
ext. of crane shot, outside, taken from helicopter
Term
the dominant
Definition
area that compels most attention...usually highly contrasted
Term
full frontal
Definition
when actor is faced fully towards the front
Term
1/4 shot
Definition
when 1/4 of actor's face remains visible
Term
profile
Definition
when actor stands faced to a 90 degree angle from the camera's viewpoint
Term
back lighting
Definition
lighting from the back of the set, throws characters into silohuette
Term
Proxemic Patterns
Definition
the spatial relationships among characters within the mise en scene and the apparent distance of the camera from the subject.
Term
Slective/Rack Focus
Definition
the blurring of focal planes in sequence, forcing the viewer’s eyes to travel with those areas of an image that remain in sharp focus. (e.g. In KK version of PP, Lizzy is looking in mirror and in focus while Darcy is behind her and blurred, then the focus switches)
Term
Focal Planes
Definition
three main are foreground, midground and background. These suggest a sense of depth and can also radically alter the dominant contrast of an image. [An example might be when Elizabeth is looking at the art at Pemberly. She is in the foreground, her aunt and uncle are the mid ground and the rest of the art is in clear focus, but the background}
Term
Open Form
Definition
Used primarily by realist filmmakers, these techniques are likely to be unobtrusive, with an emphasis on informal compositions and apparently haphazard designs. Often such images seem to have no discernible structure and suggest a random form of organization. (ball at Netherfield with lots of people) [I would say that we haven't really seen a number of these, but I think that Elizabeth on the swing might be the best example because the spinning is representative of time passage]
Term
Closed Form
Definition
emphasizes a more stylized design. Objects and figures are more precisely placed within the frame and the balance of weights is elaborately worked out. (e.g. entrapment scene with Wickham and Lydia)
Term
Long Shot
Definition
a shot that includes an area within the image that roughly corresponds to the audience’s view of the area within the proscenium arch in the live theater. (e.g.In KK version of PP, scene when Bingley comes at end of movie and all the ladies are seated in the parlor)
Term
Medium Shot
Definition
a relatively close shot, revealing the human figure from the knees or waist up. [Darcy's declaration of love KK version]
Term
Over the Shoulder Shots
Definition
Usually a medium shot of two people, with the camera places just behind the shoulder of one character, directed at the face of the opposite character. [Meeting with Georgiana BBC]
Term
High Angle Shot
Definition
a shot in which the subject is photographed from above. These give the viewer a sense of a general overview but not necessarily one implying destiny or fate. High angles reduce the importance of a subject and tend to swallow people. (e.g. in BBC version of PP, when Lizzy and the Gardiners are walking through Pemberly on the checkered floor, they all tend to look insignificant in this world of Pemberly)
Term
Low Angle Shot
Definition
a shot in which the subject is photographed from below. This shot increases a short actor’s height. Psychologically low angles heighten the importance of a subject. (e.g. In BBC version with Bingley sitting in chair and Darcy and his sisters tower over him)
Term
Birds eye view
Definition
a shot in which the camera photographs a scene from directly overhead. In this shot, we are permitted to hover above a scene like all-powerful gods. The people photographed seem vulnerable and insignificant. (e.g. in BBC version of PP, when Lizzy and the Gardiners are walking through Pemberly on the checkered floor, they all tend to look insignificant in this world of Pemberly) [BBC, Darcy and Bingley riding horses]
Term
eye level shot
Definition
The placement of the camera approximately six feet from the ground, corresponding to the height of an observer on the scene. (in BBC version, when Lizzy returns to Longbourne after receving Jane’s letter about Lydia. Lizzy and Jane stop shortly after entering to discuss any new news)
Term
Panning Shot
Definition
Short for panorama, this is a revolving horizontal movement of the camera from right to left or vice versa, taken from a stationary axis point with camera is mounted on a tripod. The most common use of a pan is to keep the subject within the frame. If a person moves from one position to another, the camera moves horizontally to keep the person in the center of the composition. [KK version opening sequence: dolly shot bleeds into a panning shot]
Term
Tracking Shot
Definition
Originally, tracks were laid on the set to permit a smoother movement of the camera. This is useful to capture a sense of movement in or out of a scene. (E.g. scene in Persuasion when Lady Russell and Anne are walking through museum area)
Term
Aerial Shots
Definition
essentially a variation of the crane shot, though restricted to exterior locations. Usually taken from a helicopter. [Darcy and Bingley riding horses]
Term
Zoom Shots
Definition
a lens of variable focal length that permits the cinematographer to change from wide- angle to telephoto shots and vice versa in one continuous movement, often plunging the viewer in or out of a scene rapidly. These shots foreshorten people and flatten space. The effect is all of a sudden magnification. [KK version opening sequence]
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