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GI
GI
28
Medical
Professional
09/12/2011

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Cards

Term
The lip interior to the vermillion border is parakeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. What does this mean?
Definition
There is no stratum lucidum and the cells retain their nuclei.
Term
What are the 3 specialized mineralized tissues that contribute to the teeth?
Definition
Enamel
Cementum
Dentin
Term
How do cavities form?
Definition
Enamel, cementum and dentin are acellular. Prolonged exposure to bacterial enzymes will demineralize them creating carries.
Term
Describe the number and type of deciduous teeth in a set.
Definition
Desiduous (childhood)
-2 incisors
-1 canine
-2 molars
Term
Describe the number and type of adults teeth in a set.
Definition
-2 incisors
-1 canine
-2 premolars
-3 molars
Term
Describe the process for formating teeth.
Definition
-epithelium involutes into a bell in the undifferentiated tissues of the oral cavity
-This bell surrounds the mesenchyme
-bell detaches from surface epithelium
Term
Where do ameloblasts differentiate at? What is their function?
Definition
Differentiate at the top of the bell.
Ameleoblasts lay down enamal.
Term
Where do odontoblasts differentiate at? What is their function?
Definition
Odontoblast form at a lower portion of the bell and form dentin
Term
In tooth formation, what forms the dental pulp?
Definition
Loose connective tissue that gets surrounded by the bell
Term
What allows wiggle room for the teeth?
Definition
The periodontal ligament that interfaces between the alveolar bone and cementum
Term
What type of muscle is in the tongue?
Definition
Mostly skeletal muscle.
Term
What type of epithelium is on the tongue?
Definition
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Term
What are the four types of taste buds?
Definition
Filiform:
Fungiform:
Circumvalate.
Foliate
Term
Descrie the structure of foliate papillae and their function.
Definition
Longitudinal folds on te lateral aspect of the tongue
Have laterally located tastebuds and secretory glands
Term
Descrie the structure of circumvallate papillae and their function.
Definition
Large circular taste buds
Near the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Have laterally located taste buds
Also have secretory glands
Term
Describe the structure of fungiform papillae and their function.
Definition
Appear as little pale dots on tongue
Have apical taste buds
Term
Descrie the structure of filiform papillae and their function.
Definition
Filiform papillae lack taste buds.
Sharp extensions covering most of the tongue
Term
How are tastants removed from tastes buds?
Definition
Von Ebner, or lingual salivary glands, flush food from the taste buds
Term
What are the lymphoid tissues that make up Waldeyer's ring?
Definition
Pharyngeal tonsil
Tubal tonsil
Palatine tonsil
Lingual tonsil
Palatine tonsil
Tubal tonsil
Term
What tonsils are located at the back of the mouth and most often become infected?
Definition
Palatine tonsils.
Term
What are the two function of the mucosa in the gut tube?
Definition
Extract nutrients
Protect the body from pathogens
Term
What are the three layers of the mucosa of the gut?
Definition
Epithelium-either stratified squamous or simple cuboidal
Lamina propria-loose connective tissue
Muscularis mucosae-smooth muscle
Term
What is added to the bolus in the duodenum?
Definition
Bile and pancreatic enzymes
Term
Where does most absorption occur?
Definition
The SI
Term
How is the gut protected from pathogens?
Definition
-Tight junction between epithelial cells seal environments from each other
-enterocytes pump antibodies into the lumen
-immune and inflammatory cells can migrate into and through the lamina propria to ract to pathogens
Term
What does the submucosa of the gut consist of?
Definition
-Large vessels-lymph, arteries, veins
-Submucosal ganglion (nerve cells)
-Submucosal glands
-large lymph nodules
Term
What are the layers of muscularis externa?
Definition
Inner circular layer
Myenteric ganglia-nerve cells
Outer longitundinal layer
Term
What are some characteristics of the esophagus histologically?
Definition
Covered by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria contains catdiac glands near the stomach
Submucosa contains esophageal glands througout
Muscularis externa has an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer
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