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GI
Study Guide
22
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
04/24/2012

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Cards

Term
What are the 4 primary pathological issues of the gut?
Definition
Dysmotility
Inflammation
Obstruction
Infection (Cancer)
Term
What are the three primary functions of the gut?
Definition
Absorption
Excretion
Motility
Term
What are the nursing concerns with Nausea and Vomiting?
Definition
- Aspiration
- FEB
- Comfort
- Electrolyte Imbalances (Cl,K, Metabolic alkylosis)
- Volume Depletion
Term
What is GERD?
Definition
A clinical condition due to the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus
Term
What is the etiology of GERD?
Definition
1. Defective Barrier Function
2. Defective LUMINAL clearance
3. Defective Tissue RESISTANCE
4. Noxious Reflux
Term
What are the risk factors of GERD?
Definition
- OBESITY
- Pregnancy
- Alcohol
- Hiatal Hernia
- Smoking
- SCLERODERMA
- Medications
Term
What medications can potentially cause GERD?
Definition
Anticholinergics
BB
CBB
Bronchodilators
TCAs
Dopamine
Sedatives
Term
What is the difference btw STEP DOWN and STEP UP approach?
Definition
STEP DOWN is PPI's > H2R's
Term
What symptoms [they are usually late!] should trigger an automatic screen for Esophageal Cancer?
Definition
- Difficulty Swallowing
- Decreased nutritional intake
- regurgitation
Term
What are the top 2 causes of peptic ulcer disease?
Definition
H. pylori and NSAIDS
Term
How does H pylori contribute to ulcer formation?
Definition
It forms ammonium which is toxic to epithelial cells. Causes inflammation and ulceration in LOWER STOMACHE--UPPER DUODENUM
Term
What stressers are associated with physiologic stress ulcers?
Definition
- Trauma (Burns, Major Surgery)
- Ischemia or blood diversion away from gut
Term
Complications from ULCERS?
Definition
- Perforation
- Hemorrhage
- Stenosis
- DUMPING SYNDROME
Term
What are the nursing management for acute exacerbation of ulcers?
Definition
- NPO
- NG Suction
- Bed Rest/Fluids
- Medications
Term
What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome?
Definition
A CHRONIC condition of abdominal pain, constipation OR diarrhea.
Term
How is IBS managed?
Definition
1. Diet Modification
2. Fiber therapy
3. Antispasmodics/Anti Diarrheals
4. Laxatives
5. Pain Treatment
Term
How is Crohn's Ds treated?
Definition
Aminosalyicylates
Corticosteroids
Flagyl
Amixab
Immunosuppressants
Term
How is Ulcerative Colitis treated?
Definition
Topical/Oral mesalamine
Topical/Oral corticosteroid/Prednisone
IV Corticosteroid or IV Cyclosporin
Term
What are the primary Ns considerations for pts with IBD?
Definition
- PAIN
- FEB
- Nutrition
- Psych
- Pre-Post Op
Term
What are the risk factors for Colorectal cancer?
Definition
Age, Family hx,polyps, Familial Polypposis, obesity, Diet?
Term
What are the manifestations of colorectal cancer?
Definition
Bleeding, acute onset constipation, obstruction, non specific (dull pain, anemia, wgt loss, anorexia)
Term
What are the nursing consideration for Colorectal Cancer management?
Definition
1. PREVENTION (Ca/Vit D, NSAID, HRT, Detection, prep for screening)
2. Pre/Post op
3. Pt teaching
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