1. increases gastric acid secretion

2. pepsinogen>pepsin

3. increases GI blood flow

4. increases gastric smooth muscle contraction

1. stimulates gallbladder to release bicarbonate solution

2. stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion

MOA: neutralize gastric acid, increase mucosal production, prostaglandins, and bicarbonate

SE: diarrhea, constipation

MOA: decrease all acid secretion, promotes healing

SE: dizziness, diarrhea, muscle pain

Drugs: Pepcid, Zantac

MOA: decrease action of pump for acid secretion

SE: calcium absorption, C. Diff

Drugs: Prevacid, Nexium, Prilosec

anticholinergics: scopalamine

antihistamines: benadryl

neuroleptics: compazine, phenergan

prokinetic: reglan

THC: dronabinol

Transderm Scop Patch: lasts 72 hours

MOA: blocks the signal to the vomiting center

SE: dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision

Drugs: Compazine, Phrenagen

MOA: block dopamine receptors in the CTZ

SE: orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, blurred vision

Drugs: Benadryl

MOA: H1 blockers

Caution in patients with glaucoma or BPH

Drugs: Tigan, Reglan

MOA: block dopamine in the CTZ; stimulates peristalsis

SE: sedation, diarrhea, weakness

Drugs: Zofran

MOA: block 5HT receptors in GI, CTZ, and vomiting center

SE: headache, dizziness, diarrhea

Drugs: Dronabinol

MOA: may block PG synthesis

SE: light-headedness, blurred vision, dry mouth

Diarrhea

Acute vs. Chronic time

Acute: 3-14 days

Chronic: >3-4 weeks

Absorbents

(+drug interactions)

Drugs: activated charcoal, pepto bismol

MOA: coat GI tract and bind diarrhea causing bacteria

drug interacitons: warfarin, digoxin

Drugs: Atropine + Lomotil

MOA: reduces peristalsis

Drugs: Immodium, Lamotil

MOA: decrease GI motility and propulsion

Metamucil

Colace

PEG

Fleets

Dulcolax