Term
| What are the fxn of the GI system? |
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Definition
Chewing and swallowing
Gastric function
Small intestine function
Colon function
Waste elimination |
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Term
| What are the functions of the liver? |
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Definition
Glucose metabolism
Conversion of ammonia to urea
Protein and fat metabolism
Vitamin and iron storage
Drug metabolism
Bile formation
Bilirubin excretion |
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Term
| What are common manifestations of GI disease? |
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Definition
Abdominal pain
Dyspepsia
Gas
Nausea and vomiting
Change in bowel habits and stool characteristics
Jaundice
Ascites
Engorged veins |
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Term
| What is the right order of GI assessment? |
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Definition
Abdominal inspection
Abdominal auscultation
Abdominal percussion
Abdominal palpation
Rectal examination |
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Term
| What are the common lab tests of the GI? |
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Definition
Stool tests
Breath tests
Ultrasound
DNA testing |
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Term
| What causes elevated liver enzymes? |
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Definition
-Alcoholism
-Ammonia
-Biliary Obstruction
-Cirrhosis |
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Term
| What is the antedote for tylenol overdose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are imaging tests used for the GI? |
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Definition
Upper GI study
Lower GI study
Computed tomography (CT)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Positron emission tomography (PET) |
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Term
| What are the diagnostic labs used for GI? |
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Definition
ENDOSCOPY
COLONOSCOPY
CT GUIDED LIVER BIOPSY
UPPER GI
LOWER GI
BARIUM SWALLOW
X-RAY
Alt, Ast, Ammonia, Alp,
Amylase, Lipase |
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Term
An elderly patient is suspected of having a chronic gastrointestinal bleed. The initial test that would address this possibility is:
A PET scan
Stool testing
An upper GI series
A lower GI series |
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Definition
B. Stool testing
Rationale: Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) is one of the most commonly performed stool tests. It can be useful in initial screening for several disorders, including GI bleeds. If the patient is not in distress, this would be performed prior to imaging tests. |
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Term
After a scope procedure the client is difficult to arouse. An important nursing action for the nurse to perform at this time is to:
A. Open the client’s airway
B. Allow the client to sleep
C. Continue to monitor the client closely
D. Evaluate pre-procedure laboratory tests for abnormalities |
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Definition
| A. Open the client’s airway |
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Term
Which of the following is most important to do in caring for a client having a diagnostic colonoscopy?
Administer GoLYTELY the night before
Teach the client to increase fiber in the diet 24 hours before the procedure.
Notify the provider if the hgb is less than 12 g/dL
Check for a gag reflex following the procedure |
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Definition
| Administer GoLYTELY the night before |
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Term
| What blood tests show liver fxn> |
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Definition
Measures of serum enzyme activity (serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase [ALP], lactic dehydrogenase)
Serum concentrations of proteins (albumin and globulins)
Bilirubin
Ammonia
Clotting factors
Lipids |
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Term
Is the following statement true or false?
Serum bilirubin levels would be among the most relevant laboratory findings for a patient who has jaundice. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following physiologic processes is NOT performed in the small intestine?
Breakdown of fats into absorbable particles
Breakdown of carbohydrates into simple sugars
Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Peristalsis |
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Definition
C. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
Rationale: Reabsorption of water and electrolytes is the primary function of the colon. Food, initially ingested in the form of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, is broken down into absorbable particles (constituent nutrients) by the process of digestion in the small intestine. Intestinal peristalsis propels food through the small intestine. |
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Term
The exocrine functions of the pancreas are differentiated from the endocrine functions by the fact that exocrine functions involve:
Secretion of enzymes
Insulin synthesis
Initiation of peristalsis
Bile synthesis |
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Definition
A. Secretion of enzymes
Rationale: The secretions of the exocrine pancreas are digestive enzymes high in protein content and an electrolyte-rich fluid; they include amylase, trypsin, and lipase. Insulin production is an endocrine function and the pancreas does not influence peristalsis or synthesize bile. |
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