Term
What are the Antihistamines used as anti-emetic
Which has Gangrene with injection?
Which are used exclusively for motion sickness?
Which has significant D2 block?
Which are anticholinergic? |
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Definition
Cyclizine- Motion Sickness
Meclizine-Motion Sickness
Promethazine-Gangrene, D2 Block
Diphenhydramine-Most Anti-cholinergic
*All are anticholinergic, but Diphenhydramine is the worst
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Term
What are the antiemetic dopamine receptor antagonists
What are their adverse effects?
When are the typically used as anti-emetics? |
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Definition
Prochlorperazine
Metoclopramide
Adverse
Dystonia/EPS
Orthohypo
Use
Migranes
GI causes |
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Term
What is the mechanism of action of metoclopromide?
When is it best used? |
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Definition
Dopamine Block
5HT3 Block Central and peripheral
5HT4 Agonist
Prokinetic GI Activity
Use: nausea and vomiting in patients with GI dysmotility |
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Term
What is the mechanism of Ondansetron?
What are the adverse effects?
When are the uses |
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Definition
5HT3 Antagonist at:
Vagal Afferents
Solitary tract nucleus and
Area Postrema
Adverse: p450 metabolism
Uses
Pregnancy
Chemotherapy
Upper Abdomenal Irradiation |
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Term
What is the mechanism of Dronabinol,
Adverse effects, and
Use? |
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Definition
CB1 agonist
Adverse: Abstinence syndrome
High Protein Binding
Use: Chemotherapy |
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Term
When are glucocorticoids used as anti-emetic?
What is their proposed antiemetic activity? |
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Definition
Widespread cancer
Activity: Decreases peritumor inflammation and prostaglandin production |
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Term
| When are benzos used as anti-emetic |
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Definition
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Term
What is the mechanism of Aprepitant,
Adverse effects, and
Use? |
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Definition
Mech: Substance P Receptor Antagonist
Adverse
Highly Protein Bound
P450
Use: Delayed Nausea |
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Term
What are the antiemetics for nausea caused by:
Migrane
Vestibular
Pregnancy
GI
Chemo with high risk of Nausea |
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Definition
Migraine: DA Antagonists(Metoclopromide, Prochloroperazine)
Vestibular: Antihist, Antichol
Pregnancy:
Hyperemesis-Promethazine, Steroids, 5HT antag
Nausea-Ginger, B6
GI: DA Antag, 2nd-5HT antag
Chemo: Aprepitant, Dexamethasone, 5HT-block |
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Term
| Which anesthetic is least likely to cause post-op nausea |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some risk factors for developing post-op nausea? |
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Definition
Operation Factors
Surgey type
Long Procedure
Opiods Post-op
Patient Factors
Women
History
Non-smoker |
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Term
| What are the drug classes used as Antiemetics? |
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Definition
Anti-histamines
Anticholinergics
Dopamine Antagonists
Serotonin Antagonists
Substane P Antagonists
Canabinoids
Corticosteroids
Benzodiazepines |
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