Term
| Primary peristaltic contractions initiated by? |
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Definition
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Term
| secondary peristaltic contr initiated by? |
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Definition
| distension and local reflexes |
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Term
| Principle motility fn of orad stomach |
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Definition
| receptive relaxation to store ingested material via vasovagal reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| mixing, grinding, emptying |
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Term
| principal movements of proximal colon |
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Definition
| weak peristaltic contractions that permit storage & absorption of water |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction of CIRCULAR muscle w/o moving the food- LOCAL & not propogated--mixes chyme w/ digestive juices |
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Term
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Definition
INTRISIC-propogated wave of contraction that moves chyme in the aboral direction- Circular & longitudinal muscles coordinated contraction-local stretch receptors release serotonin which leads to constriction--
(Vomiting is extrinsic) |
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Term
| Esophagus makeup/peristalsis details |
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Definition
Upper esophageal sphincter requires a vasovagal response. The rest of the esophagus has intrinsic peristaltic function
Only the upper part is impaired by a vagotomy.
Striated--inn directly
SM- inn by interneurons (peristalsis not dep on Vagus nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
contr-Ach (vagal control)
relax- VIP & NO |
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Term
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Definition
| Nucl Ambiguous & NTS--in medulla and lower pons |
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Term
| Intrathoracic P across LES |
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Definition
| above:-5, LES:+30, Stomach:+5 |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of nerve fibers- spastic constriction & loss of peristalsis in LES |
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Term
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Definition
| inflamed LE via acid--Dysphagia is pain on swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
| esoph epith->stom epith--Precancerous |
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Term
| Laparoscopic Fundoplication |
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Definition
| reinforcement of LES by wrapping upper stomach around the valve to prevent reflux |
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Term
| What 3 food stuffs inhibit further emptying of stomach |
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Definition
| fat, acid, and osmolarity |
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Term
| effect of fat on gastric emptying mediated by? |
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Definition
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Term
slow waves originate in?
result from opening of selective/non-selective channels with entry of ?? |
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Definition
Interstitial cells of CAJAL
non-selective cation channels
Na & Ca entry cause depol
Repol by K+ leak channels |
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Term
| GI smooth muscle cells contraction details |
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Definition
| act as Syncytium- act as a unit because of anatomic and electrical coupling through GAP JNs |
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Term
| Smooth muscle actin v. myosin |
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Definition
| has more actin and less myosin than skel muscle |
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Term
| peristalsis intr & extr?? |
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Definition
| Spike potentials cause the muscles to contract vigorously. Although this basic rhythm is intrinsic, whether the potential reaches threshold and how much contraction you get has to do with the external input |
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Term
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Definition
| iii. One of the causes is hiatal hernia, which is part of the lower esophageal sphincter, is contributed by the diaphragm muscles. When diaphragm gets pulled apart – happens a lot in obesity –stomach herniates thru the diaphragm, making the esophageal valve incompetent. There will be reflux of acid into the esophagus, which does not have the protective mechanisms that the stomach does against acid. |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex relaxation of the ileocecal sphincter. This occurs about ½ hour after a meal. It is not only vagally mediated, but also thought to be due to high levels of gastrin. May induce bowel movement about ½ hour after a meal due to things moving into large intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| segmental constrictions that go on slowly in the large intestine all the time. They don’t move the feces or the chyme, but just mix it, exposing it to the surface so that water is reabsorbed. A lot of bacteria digestion occurs in large intestine. |
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