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GI-Micro
Hepatitis Viruses
25
Microbiology
Graduate
02/18/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Which hepatitis virus is dsDNA?

What is the structure of the rest?

Which have envelopes?

Definition

HepB enveloped dsDNA

Rest are ssRNA

Hep B, C, D have envelopes

Term
What is the only virus that generates its genome from a mRNA during replication?
Definition
HebB
Term

Which viruses that cause hepatitis are cytolytic?

What are the pathogenic mechanisms of the other Heptitis viruses?

Which hepatitis virus causes immune complex deposition?

Definition

HepD and Yellow Fever

HepA, HepC: CD8+ T-cells mediated

HepB: Type III hypersensitivity(arthralgia)

CD8+ T-cells mediated damage

Term
Which hepatitis viruses are transmitted via the oral-fecal route?
Definition

Hep A

Hep E

Term

Which hepatitis viruses does not develop chronic disease, what does this infer about the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma?

Which Hepatitis virus is most likely to develop chronic infection?

Definition

HepA

HepE

No cancer or cirrhosis risk

Chronic: Most likely HepC

Term

What age group shows less jaundice in HepA

What other organisms does hepA infect?

Definition

<6 yr olds

Other organisms: none

Term

When are people vaccinated to Hep A

When is Immune Serum Globulin used

Why is quarantine ineffective?

Definition

Vaccination

Traveling to endemic regions

High risk communities

Clotting disorders

Chronic liver disease

Immune Serum globulin

Traveler's to high/moderate endemic areas

Within 14 days post-infection

Quarantine: Ineffective bc infectious before symptoms

Term
Lab diagnosis of HepA
Definition

IgM

Confirmation with 4x's rise in IgG

Term

What does HBc, HBs, HBe antigens in the blood indicate?

What does Antibody to each antigen indicate?

Definition

HBc: Acute infection

Ab-Past infection

HBe: Transmissibility

Ab-Not contagious

HBs: Acute phase or chronic infection

Ab-Immunity

 

Term
How is Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses typically spread?
Definition

B: Unprotected sex

C: IV drug use

Term
What people are more likely to develop chronic infection with HepB
Definition
Old and Young
Term
How is HepB treated?
Definition

Chronic: Alpha INF, Lamivudin, and Adefovir

HBIG

HepB (+) Preganancy: Passive Immunization

Term
What classifies a hepB virus infection as chronic and what are the clinical syndromes of chronic HepB?
Definition

HBsAg in the blood for >6 months

Pres:

Asymptomatic

Chronic hepatitis w/ minimal damage

Chronic Active Hepatitis-Large inflammation

Term

What are the mechanisms by which HepB causes hepatocellular carcinoma?

What age group is most likely to get hepatocellular carcinoma from HepB?

Definition

Increased regeneration

DNA insertion

HBV X protein stimulates growth

Age: young children

Term
Key features of HepD replication
Definition

mRNA encodes ribozymes

Ribozymes generate Delta antigen

Delta antigen associates HBsAg with HDV genome

Term

Which infection is more likely to produce cirrhosis HBV/HDV coinfection,  or HBV carrier superinfection?

Which is most likely to cause acute fulminate cirrhosis?

Definition

HBV carrier w/ HDV superinfection-cirrhosis

HBV/HDV coinfection - Acute hepititis

Term
Hep D diagnosis and treatment
Definition

DX

HDV delta antigen

HDV delta-Ab

HDV RNA

TX

Alpha-IFN

Term

Why is Hep C more likely to be transmitted through the blood?

Does Antibody confer immuity to HepC

Definition

Cell-association

Chronic HepC can still develop even if anti-body is formed

Term
What is more severe in the acute infection Hep B or Hep C
Definition
Hep B
Term
Diagnosis and treatment of Hep C
Definition

DX

Elisa

PCR confirmation

TX

Alpha Interferon

Ribavirin

No vaccine

Term

How is HepG transmitted?

What other viral infections is it associated with?

Definition

Blood products

HIV, HepB, HepC

Term
How is HepE transmitted and what patients is it more pathogenic in?
Definition

Water borne(Oral-Fecal)

Pregnant women

Term

How is Yellow Fever Transmitted?

How does it cause damage?

Is there a vaccine?

Definition

Transmission: Mosquitos

Jungle cycles(Animal Reservior) and

Urban cycles(Human Reservior)

Damage: Cell-lysis

Live Attentuated Vaccine gives 10 year immunity

Term
What Hepatitis viruses have a vaccine and what is the type used in each?
Definition

HepA: killed vaccine

HepB: Conjugaed with HepBsAg

Yellow Fever: Live Attenuated

Term
Of Hepititis A, B, C and D, which is the only one that has multiple serotypes?
Definition
Hepatitis C is the only one with multiple serotypes
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